Cryogenic ikirere gitandukanya azote umusaruro ni uburyo gakondo bwo gukora azote ifite amateka yimyaka mirongo. Ikoresha umwuka nkibikoresho fatizo, ikabigabanya kandi ikayisukura, hanyuma ikoresha guhanahana ubushyuhe kugirango itume umwuka uhumeka. Umwuka w'amazi ahanini ni uruvange rwa ogisijeni y'amazi na azote yuzuye. Ukoresheje ingingo zitandukanye zitetse za ogisijeni yamazi na azote yuzuye, azote iboneka mugutandukanya binyuze mukuzuza umwuka wamazi.
Inzira isanzwe
Inzira yose igizwe no guhumeka ikirere no kwezwa, gutandukanya ikirere, hamwe no guhumeka azote.
1. Guhagarika ikirere no kwezwa
Umwuka umaze guhanagurwaho umukungugu n’imyanda ikoresheje akayunguruzo ko mu kirere, yinjira mu cyuma gikonjesha ikirere, ugahagarikwa n’umuvuduko ukenewe, hanyuma ukoherezwa mu cyuma gikonjesha kugira ngo ugabanye ubushyuhe bw’ikirere. Noneho yinjira mu cyuma cyumisha kugirango ikureho ubuhehere, dioxyde de carbone, acetylene nizindi hydrocarbone mu kirere.
2. Gutandukanya ikirere
Umwuka usukuye winjira mubushuhe nyamukuru muminara yo gutandukanya ikirere, ukonjeshwa nubushyuhe bwuzuye na gaze ya gaze (ibicuruzwa bya azote, gaze imyanda), hanyuma byoherezwa munsi yumunara wa distillation. Azote iboneka hejuru yumunara, kandi umwuka wamazi urajugunywa hanyuma woherejwe Byinjira mumashanyarazi ya kondegene kugirango bivemo, kandi mugihe kimwe, igice cya azote yoherejwe muminara ikosora kiba cyegeranye. Igice cya azote yuzuye ya azote ikoreshwa nkamazi ya flux yumunara wogukosora, ikindi gice gikoreshwa nkibicuruzwa bya azote kandi bigasiga umunara utandukanya ikirere.
Umwuka wa gazi uva mumashanyarazi ya kondegene ushyushye kugeza kuri 130K nuwahinduye ubushyuhe kandi winjira mu kwagura kwaguka no gukonjesha kugirango utange ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha umunara utandukanya ikirere. Igice cya gaze yagutse ikoreshwa muguhindura no gukonjesha icyuma cya molekile, hanyuma igasohoka ikoresheje icecekesha. ikirere.
3. Amazi ya azote yuka
Amazi ya azote ava mu munara utandukanya ikirere abikwa mu kigega kibika azote. Iyo hagenzuwe ibikoresho byo gutandukanya ikirere, azote yuzuye mumazi yabitswe yinjira muri vaporizer hanyuma igashyuha mbere yo koherezwa mubicuruzwa bya azote.
Umusemburo wa azote urashobora gukora azote ifite ubwiza bwa 99 99,999%.
ubuziranenge
Umusemburo wa azote urashobora gukora azote ifite ubwiza bwa 99 99,999%. Ubuziranenge bwa azote bugarukira ku mutwaro wa azote, umubare wa gari ya moshi, gukora neza hamwe na ogisijeni mu kirere cy’amazi, n'ibindi, kandi ibipimo byo guhindura ni bito.
Kubwibyo, kumurongo wibikoresho bya azote ya azote ikora, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa burashidikanywaho kandi ntibworoshye kubuhindura.
Ibikoresho byingenzi bikubiye mubikoresho bitanga ingufu za azote
1. Akayunguruzo ko mu kirere
Kugirango ugabanye kwambara kwimashini yimbere yimbere muri compressor de air no kwemeza ubwiza bwikirere, mbere yuko umwuka winjira muri compressor de air, igomba kubanza kunyura muyungurura ikirere kugirango ikureho umukungugu nibindi byanduye birimo. Umwuka wo guhumeka ikirere gikoresha cyane cyane muyunguruzi cyangwa muyunguruzi.
2. Compressor yo mu kirere
Ukurikije ihame ryakazi, compressor zo mu kirere zirashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: volumetric n'umuvuduko. Compressors yo mu kirere ahanini ikoresha ibyuma bisubiza inyuma piston yo mu kirere, compressor yo mu kirere hamwe na compressor de air.
3. Icyuma gikonjesha
Ikoreshwa mukugabanya ubushyuhe bwumwuka wugarijwe mbere yo kwinjira mukumisha wumuyaga wumuyaga no munara utandukanya ikirere, wirinde ihindagurika ryinshi ryubushyuhe bwinjira muminara, kandi birashobora kugabanya imvura nyinshi mumyuka ihumanye. Amazi akonjesha ya azote (agizwe niminara ikonjesha amazi niminara ikonjesha ikirere: umunara ukonjesha amazi ukoresha imyanda iva muminara itandukanya ikirere kugirango ukonje amazi azenguruka, kandi umunara ukonjesha ikirere ukoresha amazi azenguruka ava muminara ikonjesha amazi kugirango akonje ikirere), ubukonje bwa Freon.
4. Icyuma cyumuyaga nogusukura
Umwuka ucanye uracyafite urugero runaka rwubushuhe, dioxyde de carbone, acetylene nizindi hydrocarbone nyuma yo kunyura mumashanyarazi. Ubushuhe bukonje hamwe na dioxyde de carbone yashyizwe muminara yo gutandukanya ikirere bizahagarika imiyoboro, imiyoboro na valve. Acetylene yegeranya muri ogisijeni yuzuye kandi hari ibyago byo guturika. Umukungugu uzashira imashini zikora. Kugirango hamenyekane imikorere yigihe kirekire yumutekano wo gutandukanya ikirere, hagomba gushyirwaho ibikoresho byihariye byo kweza kugirango bikureho iyo myanda. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kweza ikirere ni adsorption no gukonjesha. Uburyo bwa molekulari ya elegitoronike ikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi mato mato mato mato mato.
Abakora Azote - Abashinwa Uruganda rutunganya azote & abatanga ibicuruzwa (xinfatools.com)
5. Umunara wo gutandukanya ikirere
Umunara wo gutandukanya ikirere urimo cyane cyane guhinduranya ubushyuhe, liquefier, umunara wa distillation, konderasi ya moteri, nibindi. Nubwoko bushya bwo guhuza ibice byo guhinduranya ubushyuhe hamwe na aluminiyumu yubatswe yose. Impuzandengo yubushyuhe butandukanye ni nto cyane kandi uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 98-99%. Umunara wa distillation ni ibikoresho byo gutandukanya ikirere. Ubwoko bwibikoresho byumunara bigabanijwe ukurikije ibice byimbere. Umunara wa plaque ya plaque ufite isahani ya sikeri witwa umunara wa plaque, umunara wa cap bubble ufite plaque ya bubble witwa umunara wa bubble cap, naho umunara wapakiye hamwe nudupfunyika twitwa umunara wa plaque. Isahani ya sikeri ifite imiterere yoroshye, iroroshye kuyikora, kandi ifite plaque ikora neza, kuburyo ikoreshwa cyane muminara yo kugabanura ikirere. Iminara ipakiwe ikoreshwa cyane cyane kuminara ya distillation ifite diameter iri munsi ya 0.8m n'uburebure butarenze 7m. Iminara ya bubble ikoreshwa cyane kubera imiterere igoye hamwe ningorane zo gukora.
6. Turboexpander
Ni imashini izunguruka ikoreshwa na generator ya azote kugirango itange ingufu zikonje. Ni turbine ya gaz ikoreshwa mugihe cy'ubushyuhe buke. Turboexpanders igabanijwe mubwoko bwa axial flow, centripetal radial flow type na centripetal radial flow ukurikije icyerekezo gitemba cya gaze muri moteri; ukurikije niba gaze ikomeje kwaguka muri moteri, igabanijwemo ubwoko bwibitero nubwoko bwingaruka. Gukomeza kwaguka ni ubwoko bwibitero. ubwoko, ntabwo ikomeza kwaguka kandi ihinduka ubwoko bwingaruka. Icyiciro kimwe cya radial axial flow ingaruka ya turbine yaguka ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo gutandukanya ikirere. Imashanyarazi ya kirogenike itandukanya azote ifite ibikoresho bigoye, ahantu hanini, ibiciro remezo bihanitse, ishoramari rimwe rimwe mubikoresho, amafaranga menshi yo gukora, umusaruro wa gazi gahoro (amasaha 12 kugeza 24), ibisabwa cyane byo kwishyiriraho, hamwe nigihe kirekire. Urebye ibikoresho, kwishyiriraho n'ibikorwa remezo, igipimo cy'ishoramari ry'ibikoresho bya PSA gifite ibisobanuro bimwe ku bikoresho biri munsi ya 3500Nm3 / h biri munsi ya 20% kugeza kuri 50% ugereranije n'ibikoresho bitandukanya ikirere. Ibikoresho bitanga ingufu za azote ya kirogenike ikwiranye n’inganda nini nini yo mu nganda, ariko umusaruro wa azote uciriritse kandi muto ntubukungu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-27-2024
