Ikizamini kidasenya ni ugukoresha ibiranga amajwi, urumuri, magnetisme n amashanyarazi kugirango umenye niba hari inenge cyangwa inomomogeneité mu kintu kigomba kugenzurwa nta byangiza cyangwa ngo bigire ingaruka ku mikorere yikintu kigenzurwa, no gutanga ubunini , umwanya, hamwe n’aho hari inenge. Ijambo rusange muburyo bwa tekiniki bwo kumenya imiterere ya tekiniki yikintu cyagenzuwe (nko kuba cyujuje ibisabwa cyangwa kidafite, ubuzima busigaye, nibindi)
Uburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo kwipimisha budasenya: kwipimisha ultrasonic (UT), gupima ibice bya magnetiki (MT), gupima amazi yinjira (PT) no gupima X-ray (RT).
Ikizamini cya Ultrasonic
UT (Ultrasonic Testing) ni bumwe muburyo bwo gupima inganda zitangiza. Iyo umuyaga wa ultrasonic winjiye mubintu uhuye nubusembwa, igice cyijwi ryijwi kizagaragazwa, kandi imashini itanga niyakira irashobora gusesengura umuraba wagaragaye, kandi inenge irashobora kumenyekana neza. Kandi irashobora kwerekana umwanya nubunini bwinenge zimbere, gupima ubunini bwibintu, nibindi.
Ibyiza byo gupima ultrasonic:
1. Ubushobozi bunini bwo kwinjira, kurugero, ubujyakuzimu bugaragara mubyuma bushobora kugera kuri metero zirenga 1;
2. Kubibazo bya planari nkibice, interlayers, nibindi, ibyiyumvo byo gutahura ni byinshi, kandi uburebure nubunini bugereranije burashobora gupimwa;
3. Ibikoresho birigendanwa, imikorere ifite umutekano, kandi biroroshye kubona igenzura ryikora.
ibitagenda neza:
Ntibyoroshye kugenzura ibihangano bifite imiterere igoye, kandi ubuso bugomba gusuzumwa burasabwa kugira urwego runaka rworoshye, kandi ikinyuranyo kiri hagati yubushakashatsi nubuso bugomba kugenzurwa kigomba kuzuzwa hamwe kugirango habeho guhuza acoustic bihagije.
Ikizamini cya Magnetique
Mbere ya byose, reka twumve ihame ryo gupima ibice bya magneti. Nyuma yibikoresho bya ferromagnetiki hamwe nakazi kakozwe muma magnetiki, kubera kubaho kwihagarika, imirongo yumurongo wa magnetiki hejuru no hafi yubuso bwakazi iragorekwa mugace, bikavamo umurima wa rukuruzi usohoka, ukurura ifu ya magneti ikoreshwa kuri ubuso bwakazi, kandi ikora magnetique igaragara munsi yumucyo ukwiye. ibimenyetso, bityo byerekana ahantu, imiterere nubunini bwo guhagarara.
Ibisabwa hamwe nimbibi zo gupima magnetique ni:
1. Kugenzura ibice bya magnetique birakwiriye kugirango hamenyekane ihagarikwa rito rinini ku buso no hafi y’ibikoresho bya ferromagnetiki, kandi ikinyuranyo ni gito cyane kandi biragoye kubona ku buryo bugaragara.
2. Kugenzura ibice bya magnetique birashobora kumenya ibice mubihe bitandukanye, kandi birashobora no kumenya ubwoko butandukanye bwibice.
3. Inenge nkibice, ibishyizwemo, imisatsi, ibibara byera, kuzinga, gufunga imbeho no kwidegembya urashobora kuboneka.
4. Kugerageza ibice bya magnetique ntibishobora kumenya ibyuma bya austenitike bidafite ibyuma hamwe nudusudira dusudira hamwe na electrode ya austenitike idafite ibyuma, kandi ntishobora kumenya ibikoresho bitari magnetique nkumuringa, aluminium, magnesium na titanium. Biragoye kubona delamination hamwe nubunini hamwe nuduce duto duto hejuru, gushyingurwa ibyobo byimbitse, hamwe nu mfuruka ziri munsi ya 20 ° hamwe nubuso bwakazi.
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ibizamini byinjira
Ihame shingiro ryibizamini byamazi yinjira ni uko nyuma yubuso bwigice cyashizwemo irangi rya fluorescent cyangwa irangi ryamabara, uwinjira ashobora kwinjira mubusembwa bwo gufungura hejuru yibikorwa bya capillary mugihe runaka; nyuma yo gukuraho ibirenga byinjira hejuru yikigice, Iterambere ryashyizwe kumurongo wigice.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, munsi ya capillary, umukozi wo gufata amashusho azakurura amazi yinjira yagumanye muri iyo nenge, kandi amazi yinjira yinjira mumashusho yerekana amashusho, kandi munsi yumucyo runaka (urumuri ultraviolet cyangwa urumuri rwera), ibisobanuro bya amazi yinjira mubusembwa arerekanwa, (umuhondo-icyatsi kibisi fluorescence cyangwa umutuku ugaragara), kugirango tumenye morphologie no gukwirakwiza inenge.
Ibyiza byo kwipimisha ni:
1. Irashobora kumenya ibikoresho bitandukanye;
2. Kumva neza;
3. Kwerekana neza, gukora byoroshye nigiciro gito cyo gutahura.
Ingaruka zo kwipimisha ni:
1. Ntibikwiriye kugenzurwa ibihangano bikozwe mubikoresho byoroshye kandi bikozwe hamwe nubuso butagaragara;
2. Igerageza ryinjira rishobora gusa kumenya ikwirakwizwa ryinenge, kandi biragoye kumenya ubujyakuzimu nyabwo, bityo biragoye gukora isuzuma ryinshi ryinenge. Ibisubizo byo gutahura nabyo bigira ingaruka cyane kubakoresha.
Kugenzura X-ray
Iheruka, imishwarara ya rayon, ni ukubera ko X-imirasire izabura nyuma yo kunyura mu kintu cyaka, kandi ibikoresho bitandukanye bifite umubyimba utandukanye bifite igipimo cyinshi cyo kubakira, kandi firime mbi igashyirwa kurundi ruhande rwikintu cyaka, bizaba bitandukanye bitewe nubushyuhe butandukanye bwimirasire. Ibishushanyo bihuye byakozwe, kandi ababisuzuma barashobora gusuzuma niba hari inenge imbere yikintu na miterere yinenge ukurikije ishusho.
Ikoreshwa nimbogamizi zo gupima radiografiya:
1. Birumva cyane kumenya inenge yubwoko, kandi biroroshye kuranga inenge.
2. Ibibi bya radiografiya biroroshye kubika kandi bifite ibisobanuro.
3. Erekana mu buryo bugaragara imiterere n'ubwoko bw'inenge.
4. Ikibi nuko ubujyakuzimu bwashyinguwe bwinenge budashobora kuboneka. Mugihe kimwe, ubunini bwo gutahura bugarukira. Filime mbi igomba gukaraba byumwihariko, kandi yangiza umubiri wumuntu, kandi ikiguzi ni kinini.
Muri rusange, ultrasonic na X-ray inenge ikwiranye no kumenya inenge zimbere; muribo, ultrasonic ikwiranye nibice bifite imiterere isanzwe irenga 5mm, kandi X-imirasire ntishobora kumenya ubujyakuzimu bw'inenge kandi ifite imirasire. Ibice bya magnetique hamwe no kwipimisha bikwiranye no kumenya inenge yibice bigize ibice; muribo, gupima ibice bya magneti bigarukira gusa ku kumenya ibikoresho bya magneti, kandi ibizamini byinjira bigarukira gusa ku kumenya inenge zifungura.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-21-2023
