Ubuhanga bwo gusudira ibyuma na aluminiyumu hamwe na alloys

(1) Gusudira ibyuma na aluminiyumu hamwe na alloys

Icyuma, manganese, chromium, nikel nibindi bintu mubyuma birashobora kuvanga na aluminiyumu mumazi kugirango bibe igisubizo gikomeye, kandi bigakora hamwe. Carbone mu byuma irashobora kandi gukora ibice hamwe na aluminium, ariko ntibishobora kubangikanya muburyo bukomeye. gushonga. Hagati yibintu bitandukanye bya aluminiyumu nicyuma, ibintu bitandukanye bivangavanze intermetallic birashobora gushingwa, muribyo FeAls ni yo yoroshye cyane.

Ifite ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yubukanishi bwo gusudira hamwe ibyuma na aluminium, harimo na microhardness. Mubyongeyeho, kubera ko ibintu bya termofiziki byibyuma, aluminiyumu hamwe nudukoresho twabyo nabyo bitandukanye cyane, gusudira ibyuma na aluminiyumu birangirika.

(2) Igikorwa cyo gusudira ibyuma na aluminiyumu hamwe na alloys

Duhereye ku isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru ryerekeye gusudira ibyuma-aluminium, ntibishoboka rwose kugabanya igabanuka ryibyuma na aluminiyumu hamwe n’ibivangwa nawo mu gusudira neza.

Ntibishoboka rwose gukoresha icyuma cyangwa ibivanze bifite ubushyuhe bwumubiri buri hagati yicyuma na aluminiyumu kandi bishobora guhuzwa nicyuma byombi nkicyuma cyuzuza gusudira neza.

Mu myitozo yo kubyaza umusaruro, hari uburyo bubiri: gutwikira layer indirect fusion welding hamwe nintera yinzibacyuho hagati ya indirect fusion welding.

1. yakoresheje uburyo bwa gaz tungsten arc gusudira Uburyo bwo gusudira ibyuma bisize kuri aluminium.

Byerekanwe n'imyitozo n'ikizamini:

Igice kimwe cyo gutwikira gishobora gukumira gusa okiside yicyuma cyibanze, ariko ntigishobora kubuza kubyara ibice bivanze, kandi imbaraga zacyo ziracyari hasi cyane. Kubwibyo, argon arc gusudira ibyuma na aluminium bigomba gukorwa hamwe.

Hano hari ibikoresho byinshi byuma byo gutwikira, nka Ni, Cu, Ag, Sn, Zn nibindi. Ibikoresho byo gutwikira ibyuma biratandukanye, kandi ibisubizo nyuma yo gusudira nabyo biratandukanye. Ibice byoroshye gukora kuri Ni, Cu, Ag compating coating; Ni, Cu, Sn compating coating nibyiza; Ni, Zn ikomatanya ifite ingaruka nziza.

Argon arc gusudira ibyuma bya karubone hamwe na aluminiyumu hamwe nibisigazwa byayo ni ukubanza kwambara igipande cyicyuma nkumuringa cyangwa ifeza kuruhande rwicyuma, hanyuma ugatwikira igice cya zinc. Iyo gusudira, zinc ibanza gushonga (kubera ko aho gushonga insinga yo gusudira iba hejuru ya zinc), ikareremba hejuru y'amazi.

Aluminiyumu ifata umuringa cyangwa ifeza isize munsi ya zinc, kandi mugihe kimwe, umuringa cyangwa ifeza bishonga muri aluminium, bishobora gukora urugingo rwiza. Irashobora kongera imbaraga zibyuma-aluminiyumu isudira hamwe kugeza 197 ~ 213MPa.

Ibice by'ibyuma bimaze gutwikirwa, hejuru yicyuma na aluminiyumu irashobora kuvurwa. Kuvura hejuru yibice bya aluminiyumu byangirika hamwe na 15% ~ 20% NaOH cyangwa KOH igisubizo kugirango ukureho firime ya okiside, wogejwe namazi meza, hanyuma unyuze muri 20% HNO3, wogejwe, kandi witeguye gukama Gukora argon arc gusudira.

Ibikoresho byo gusudira - hitamo insinga nziza ya aluminiyumu yo gusudira irimo silikoni nkeya, kugirango ingingo zujuje ubuziranenge zishobore kuboneka. Ntibikwiye gukoresha magnesium irimo insinga yo gusudira (LFS), kuko izateza imbere cyane imikurire yimvange kandi ntishobora kwemeza imbaraga zifatanije.

Uburyo bwo gusudira - umwanya ugereranije wakazi, gusudira insinga na tungsten electrode mugihe cyo gusudira.

Kugirango wirinde gutwika imburagihe ibyuma bitwikiriye, mugihe cyo gusudira icyuma cya mbere, arc yo gusudira igomba guhora ibitswe kumyuma yuzuza; kubisudira byakurikiyeho, arc igomba kubikwa kumurongo wuzuza no gusudira kwakozwe, kugirango ishobore kwirinda arc ikora muburyo butaziguye.

Byongeye kandi, arc igenda hejuru yuruhande rwa aluminiyumu naho insinga yo gusudira ya aluminiyumu ikomeza kuruhande rwicyuma, kugirango aluminiyumu yamazi itembera hejuru ya groove hejuru yicyuma gikomatanyirijwe hamwe, kandi igifuniko ntigishobora gutwikwa imburagihe no gutakaza. Ingaruka zayo.

Ibisobanuro byo gusudira - argon arc gusudira ibyuma na aluminiyumu ikoresha ingufu za AC, imwe ni ugukubita firime ya oxyde ikayimena, kandi irashobora no gukuramo firime ya oxyde hejuru yikidendezi cyashongeshejwe, kugirango icyuma gishongeshejwe gishobora kuba Byahujwe neza.

Umuyoboro wo gusudira watoranijwe ukurikije ubunini bwa weldment. Mubisanzwe, iyo isahani yuburebure bwa 3mm, umuyoboro wo gusudira ni 110-130A; iyo uburebure bw'isahani ari 6-8mm, umuyoboro wo gusudira ni 130-160A;

2) Uburyo bwo gusudira butaziguye kubice byinzibacyuho hagati. Ubu buryo bwo gusudira nugushira icyuma cyateguwe na aluminium igizwe hagati yicyuma-aluminiyumu kugirango kibumbire hamwe, ni ukuvuga ibyuma-ibyuma na aluminium-aluminium. Noneho koresha uburyo busanzwe bwo gusudira bwo gusudira icyuma kimwe kumpande zombi.

Mugihe cyo gusudira, witondere gusudira ingingo ya aluminiyumu hamwe no kugabanuka gukomeye hamwe no guturika byoroshye kubanza, hanyuma ugasudira hamwe ibyuma.