Ku bijyanye no gusudira, ibintu byinshi byiza birashobora kwiyongera kubiciro bitari ngombwa, igihe cyo gutinda no gutakaza umusaruro - cyane cyane niba ufite imbunda nini cyane ya MIG kubyo usaba. Kubwamahirwe, abantu benshi bizera imyumvire ikocamye: ko ukeneye imbunda ya MIG igereranijwe kuri amperage yo hejuru uteganya gusudira (urugero, imbunda ya amp 400-yo gusaba 400-amp). Ibyo ntabwo ari ukuri. Mubyukuri, imbunda ya MIG itanga ubushobozi bwa amperage irenze ibyo ukeneye mubisanzwe ipima byinshi kandi irashobora kuba idahinduka, bigatuma bitoroha cyane kuyobora hafi yingingo. Amperage yo hejuru MIG imbunda nayo igura byinshi.
Guhitamo imbunda "cyane" birashobora kongera umunaniro no kugabanya umusaruro wawe. Imbunda nziza ya MIG itanga uburinganire hagati yibisabwa, nubunini bwa MIG nuburemere.
Ukuri nukuri, kubera ko umara umwanya wimura ibice, ukabikurikirana kandi ugakora ibindi bikorwa byabanjirije na nyuma yo gusudira, ni gake wasudiraga ubudahwema bihagije kugirango ugere kumurimo ntarengwa wimbunda ya MIG. Ahubwo, akenshi nibyiza guhitamo imbunda yoroshye, yoroheje ihuza ibyo ukeneye. Kurugero, imbunda ya MIG yagereranijwe kuri 300 amps irashobora gusudira kuri amps 400 no hejuru - mugihe gito - kandi igakora neza akazi.
Urutonde rwimbunda rwasobanuwe
Muri Amerika, Ishyirahamwe ry’abakora amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi, cyangwa NEMA, rishyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho bya MIG. Mu Burayi, ibipimo bisa ninshingano za Conformité Européenne cyangwa Iburayi bihuza, nabyo byitwa CE.
Muri ibyo bigo byombi, imbunda ya MIG yakira igipimo cyerekana ubushyuhe hejuru aho ikiganza cyangwa insinga biba bishyushye bitameze neza. Iri gereranya ariko, ntirigaragaza aho imbunda ya MIG ishobora kwangirika cyangwa gutsindwa.
Byinshi mubitandukaniro biri mubikorwa byimbunda. Ababikora bafite amahitamo yo gutondekanya imbunda zabo kuri 100-, 60- cyangwa 35%. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hashobora kubaho itandukaniro rikomeye mugereranije ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya MIG imbunda.
Inshingano yinshingano nigipimo cya arc-mugihe mugihe cyiminota 10. Uruganda rumwe rukora imbunda rwa MIG rushobora gukora imbunda ya amp 400 ya MIG ishoboye gusudira ku ijana ku ijana, mu gihe indi ikora imbunda imwe ya amperage MIG ishobora gusudira ku gipimo cya 60% gusa. Muri uru rugero, imbunda ya mbere ya MIG yashoboraga gusudira buri gihe kuri amperage yuzuye mugihe cyiminota 10, mugihe iyanyuma ishobora gusudira muminota 6 gusa.
Mbere yo guhitamo imbunda ya MIG yo kugura, ni ngombwa gusuzuma igipimo cyamahoro ku bicuruzwa. Urashobora gusanga aya makuru mubitabo byibicuruzwa cyangwa kurubuga rwabakora.
Ukora ute?
Ukurikije ibisobanuro byerekana imbunda hejuru, ni ngombwa kandi ko ureba igihe umara cyo gusudira mbere yo guhitamo imbunda ya MIG. Reba igihe umara cyo gusudira mugihe cyiminota 10. Urashobora gutangazwa no kuvumbura ko impuzandengo arc-ku gihe isanzwe itarenze iminota 5.
Wibuke ko gusudira hamwe nimbunda ya MIG igera kuri 300 amps byarenga ubushobozi bwayo uramutse uyikoresheje kuri amps 400 na 100% byinshyi. Ariko, niba wakoresheje iyo mbunda imwe kugirango usudire kuri amps 400 na 50% byinshyi, bigomba gukora neza. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, niba ufite porogaramu isaba gusudira ibyuma byimbitse cyane ku mizigo ihanitse (ndetse na 500 amps cyangwa irenga) mugihe gito cyane, urashobora gukoresha imbunda yagenwe kuri 300 amps gusa.
Nkibisanzwe, imbunda ya MIG iba ishyushye bitarenze iyo irenze igipimo cyayo cyinshyi. Niba wasanze gusudira igihe kirekire muburyo busanzwe, ugomba gutekereza gusudira kumurimo muto cyangwa guhinduranya imbunda ndende. Kurenza imbunda ya MIG yerekana ubushyuhe bushobora kuganisha ku guhuza imiyoboro n’insinga z'amashanyarazi, kandi bigabanya ubuzima bwakazi.
Sobanukirwa n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwubushyuhe bugira ingaruka kumyuma nubushyuhe bwa kabili ku mbunda ya MIG kandi nigihe ushobora gusudira hamwe nayo: ubushyuhe bukabije buturuka kuri arc nubushyuhe bwo guhangana na kabili. Ubu bwoko bwombi bwubushyuhe nabwo bugira uruhare murwego rwimbunda ya MIG ugomba guhitamo.
Ubushyuhe bukabije
Ubushyuhe bukabije nubushyuhe bugaruka inyuma kumaboko kuva gusudira arc nicyuma fatizo. Irashinzwe ubushyuhe bwinshi bwahuye nimbunda ya MIG. Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka, harimo nibikoresho byo gusudira. Niba usudira aluminium cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese, kurugero, uzasanga byerekana ubushyuhe burenze ibyuma byoroheje.
Imvange ya gaz ikingira ukoresha, kimwe nogusudira gusudira, irashobora kandi kugira ingaruka kumuriro mwinshi. Kurugero, argon ikora arc ishyushye kuruta CO2 itanduye, itera imbunda ya MIG ikoresheje argon ikingira gaze ivanze kugirango igere ku bushyuhe bwayo bwagenwe kuri amperage yo hasi kuruta iyo gusudira hamwe na CO2 nziza. Niba ukoresheje uburyo bwo kohereza spray, urashobora kandi gusanga porogaramu yawe yo gusudira itanga ubushyuhe bwinshi. Iyi nzira isaba 85 ku ijana cyangwa ikize cyane ya argon ikingira gazi ivanze, hamwe ninsinga ndende zasohotse hamwe nuburebure bwa arc, byombi byongera voltage mubisabwa hamwe nubushyuhe rusange. Igisubizo ni, na none, ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Gukoresha ijosi rirerire rya MIG birashobora gufasha kugabanya ingaruka zubushyuhe bwumuriro ku ntoki ubishyira kure ya arc kandi bikomeza gukonja. Ibikoreshwa ukoresha birashobora guhindura ingaruka zubushyuhe ijosi ryinjiza. Witondere gushakisha ibikoreshwa bihuza cyane kandi bifite misa nziza, kuko ibyo bikurura ubushyuhe neza kandi birashobora gufasha kurinda ijosi gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi kurutoki.
Ubushyuhe budasanzwe
Usibye ubushyuhe bukabije, urashobora guhura nubushyuhe burwanya porogaramu yawe yo gusudira. Ubushyuhe budashobora kubaho muburyo bwo kurwanya amashanyarazi muri kabili yo gusudira kandi bushinzwe ubushyuhe bwinshi muri kabili. Bibaho mugihe amashanyarazi yatanzwe nisoko yamashanyarazi adashobora gutembera mumigozi na kabili. Ingufu z'amashanyarazi "zishyigikiwe" zabuze nkubushyuhe. Kugira insinga nini bihagije birashobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwokwirinda; ariko, ntishobora kuyikuraho burundu. Umugozi munini uhagije kugirango ukureho burundu ubukana bwaba buremereye kandi butoroshye kuburyo bwo kuyobora.
Nkuko imbunda ya MIG ikonjesha ikirere yiyongera muri amperage, ubunini bwumugozi, imiyoboro hamwe nintoki nabyo biriyongera. Kubwibyo, imbunda ya MIG ifite ubushobozi buhanitse hafi ya buri gihe iba ifite misa nini. Niba uri rimwe na rimwe gusudira, ubwo buremere nubunini ntibishobora kukubabaza; ariko, niba usudira umunsi wose, burimunsi, nibyiza kubona imbunda ntoya kandi ntoya ya MIG ikwiranye no gusaba kwawe. Rimwe na rimwe, ibyo bishobora gusobanura guhinduranya imbunda ya MIG ikonje y'amazi, ntoya kandi yoroshye, ariko kandi ishobora gutanga ubushobozi bumwe bwo gusudira.
Guhitamo hagati yumuyaga- n'amazi akonje
Gukoresha imbunda yoroshye ya MIG irashobora kuzamura umusaruro kuva byoroshye kuyobora mugihe kirekire. Imbunda ntoya ya MIG irashobora kandi kugabanya uburyo bworoshye bwo gukomeretsa inshuro nyinshi, nka syndrome ya carpal.
Ibitekerezo byanyuma kugirango ubeho neza
Mugihe uhisemo imbunda yawe ya MIG, ibuka ko ibicuruzwa byose bitaremewe kimwe. Imbunda ebyiri za MIG zingana na amps 300 zishobora gutandukana cyane ukurikije ubunini n'uburemere bwazo. Fata umwanya wo gukora ubushakashatsi kubyo uhitamo. Kandi, shakisha ibintu nkibikoresho bihumeka byemerera umwuka kunyuramo kandi bikomeza kugenda bikonje. Ibintu nkibi birashobora kwemerera imbunda gupimwa mubushobozi buhanitse utongeyeho ubunini cyangwa uburemere. Hanyuma, suzuma umwanya umara wo gusudira, inzira no gukingira gaze ukoresha, nibikoresho urimo gusudira. Kubikora birashobora kugufasha guhitamo imbunda yerekana uburinganire bwiza hagati yubuhumure nubushobozi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-04-2023
