Hamwe niterambere ryihuse rya gari ya moshi yihuta kandi iremereye, imiterere yumuhanda isimburwa buhoro buhoro n'imirongo idafite umurongo uva kumurongo usanzwe. Ugereranije n'imirongo isanzwe, umurongo utagira umurongo ukuraho umubare munini wa gari ya moshi mu ruganda, bityo ikaba ifite ibyiza byo gukora neza, amafaranga make yo gufata neza, hamwe nigihe kirekire cyo gukora. Byahindutse uburyo nyamukuru bwo kubaka umuhanda wa gari ya moshi wihuta muri iki gihe. Umurongo utagira ikizinga ni tekinoroji nshya yingenzi ya gari ya moshi. Umurongo wakozwe no gusudira ibyuma bisanzwe mubyuma birebire byuburebure, gusudira no gushyira imirongo miremire hamwe nuburebure runaka byitwa umurongo udafite umurongo. Gusudira gari ya moshi nigice cyingenzi cyo gushyira imirongo idafite umurongo.
Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwo gusudira bwa gari ya moshi zidafite umurongo zirimo ahanini gusudira gari ya moshi, gusudira gazi hamwe no gusudira aluminothermic:
01 Menyesha uburyo bwo gusudira
Gariyamoshi yo gusudira (flash welding) ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gusudira uruganda. 95% y'umurongo utagira ikizinga urangizwa n'iki gikorwa, ni ukuvuga gari ya moshi isanzwe ifite uburebure bwa metero 25 kandi nta mwobo usudira muri gari ya moshi ndende ya metero 200-500.
Ihame nugukoresha amashanyarazi kugirango ubyare ubushyuhe unyuze hejuru ya gari ya moshi kugirango ushonge igice cyanyuma cya gari ya moshi, hanyuma urangize gusudira mubi. Kubera ko ubushyuhe bwo gusudira buturuka kumasoko yo gusudira buturuka kumasoko yimbere yubushyuhe bwakazi, ubushyuhe bwibanze, igihe cyo gushyushya ni gito, inzira yo gusudira ntisaba ibyuma byuzuza, inzira ya metallurgie iroroshye, akarere katewe nubushyuhe ni ntoya, kandi biroroshye kubona ubuziranenge bwiza bwo gusudira hamwe.
Igikorwa cyo gusudira cyemejwe n’uruganda rwo gusudira gari ya moshi ahanini ni kimwe, harimo: guhuza gari ya moshi, gutahura inenge, gusana isura ya nyuma ya gari ya moshi, kwinjira muri sitasiyo gusudira, gusudira, gusya bikabije, gusya neza, kugorora, bisanzwe, inenge gutahura, kwinjira muri gari ya moshi, gushiraho inzira yo gusudira niyo ikomeye cyane mubikorwa byose. Ubwiza bwo gusudira bufitanye isano itaziguye nakazi ko gufata umurongo. Niba hari ikibazo, bizabangamira umutekano wo gutwara mu bihe bikomeye. Ugereranije nubundi buryo bwo gusudira gari ya moshi, gusudira kwa Flash bifite urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwikora kandi ntibiterwa cyane nibintu byabantu. Ibikoresho byo gusudira bifite ibikoresho byo kugenzura mudasobwa, hamwe nihindagurika rito mu bwiza bwo gusudira hamwe n’umusaruro mwinshi wo gusudira. Mubihe bisanzwe, ugereranije no gusudira umuvuduko wa gaze hamwe no gusudira thermite, imbaraga zumudozi woguhuza wa gari ya moshi ziri hejuru, kandi igipimo cyo kumeneka kumurongo ni 0.5 / 10000 cyangwa munsi yayo. Ariko, ugereranije nibikoresho fatizo, imbaraga zayo ziracyari munsi yibyibanze shingiro kubwimpamvu zikurikira:
. Mugihe cyo gusudira no gutesha umutwe, ibikoresho byo ku nkombe birasohorwa, kandi ibikoresho shingiro ni Byasimbuwe no kwaguka hanze, kandi fibrous tissue irahagarara kandi ikagoramye, kandi uko ubwinshi bwo guhagarika umutima, niko ibintu bigaragara.
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. Ubushyuhe bwimpande zombi zo hepfo ya gari ya moshi buri hasi mugihe cyo gusudira. ubushyuhe
(4) Hariho inenge zigoye kurandura kuri weld - ibibara byijimye.
02 Uburyo bwo gusudira gazi ya gazi uburyo bwo gusudira
Kugeza ubu, gusudira cyane gazi yo gusudira ya gari ya moshi ni imashini ntoya yo gusudira ya gazi igendanwa, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusudira ingingo zifatanije na gari ya moshi ndende ku rubuga, kandi ishobora no gukoresha ikirere gifunze mu gusudira gari ya moshi zangiritse.
Ihame ni ugushyushya isura yanyuma ya gari ya moshi kugeza kuri plastike, kandi ikabyara amafaranga ababaje bitewe nimbaraga zidahwitse. Iyo amafaranga ababaje ageze ku mubare runaka, gari ya moshi irasudira muri rusange.
Imashini ntoya yo gusudira yumuyaga isanzwe ni gusudira murugo, kandi inzira yo gusudira muri rusange igabanijwemo ibyiciro nka oxy-acetylene flame preheating, pre-pressure, guhagarika umuvuduko muke, umuvuduko ukabije, hamwe no gufata no gusunika. Ni nkenerwa guhuza intoki za gari ya moshi no kwitegereza uko ubushyuhe bukoresheje ijisho, bityo bigira ingaruka cyane kubintu byabantu, kandi bikunda gusudira amakosa hamwe nudusembwa.
Ariko kubera ko ifite ibiranga ibikoresho byoroheje, ubunini buto nuburemere bworoshye, biroroshye kwimuka kumurongo, kumurongo no kumurongo wubwubatsi, kandi imikorere iroroshye, kuburyo ikoreshwa cyane mugusudira gariyamoshi ndende ahazubakwa .
03 Uburyo bwo gusudira bwa Thermite hamwe nibikorwa
Ubudodo bwa Thermite busanzwe bukoreshwa mugusudira ahabigenewe gari ya moshi, kandi nuburyo bwingirakamaro mugushiraho umurongo, cyane cyane gufunga umurongo udafite umurongo no gusana gari ya moshi zacitse. Welding ya aluminothermic ya gare ishingiye kumiti ikomeye ya chimique hagati ya aluminium muri flux na ogisijeni mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Igabanya ibyuma biremereye kandi ikarekura ubushyuhe icyarimwe, gushonga ibyuma mubyuma bishongeshejwe byo guta no gusudira.
Inzira y'ingenzi nugushira flux ya termite yateguwe muburyo budasanzwe, gutwika flux hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kubyara imiti ikomeye, no kubona ibyuma bishushe cyane hamwe nicyuma. Nyuma yo gutuza, suka ibyuma bishongeshejwe hejuru yubushyuhe muri Fata gare kumurongo wumucanga ushushe, ushonga impera za gari ya moshi zometse kumusenyi, ukureho umucanga nyuma yo gukonja, hanyuma uhindure ingingo zisudira mugihe gikwiye. , kandi ibice bibiri bya gari ya moshi bisudira muri kimwe. Nubwo ibikoresho byo gusudira aluminothermic bifite ibiranga ishoramari rito, imikorere yoroshye yo gusudira, hamwe no korohereza urugingo, ikidodo cyo gusudira nikigero kinini cyane cyubatswe gifite ubukana na plastike. Nibyiza gukora ubushyuhe bwa post-weld kugirango utezimbere imikorere yingingo. .
Muri make, gusudira ubwiza bwa gari ya moshi ndende bigomba kuba byiza hamwe no gusudira hamwe no gusudira gaze. Imbaraga zihebuje, zitanga imbaraga numunaniro imbaraga zo gusudira hamwe no gusudira gazi irashobora kugera kuri 90% yicyuma fatizo. Ubwiza bwo gusudira aluminothermic ni bubi gato, imbaraga zayo ntangarugero ni 70% gusa yicyuma fatizo, imbaraga zumunaniro zirarushijeho kuba mbi, gusa igera kuri 45% kugeza 70% yicyuma fatizo, kandi imbaraga zumusaruro ni nziza gato, ibyo ni hafi yo guhuza gusudira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-01-2023
