Mu musaruro winganda, ibikoresho bimwe bikomeza gukora bitemba kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Nka miyoboro, indangantego, kontineri, nibindi. Iyaruka ryibi bitemba bigira ingaruka kumutekano wumusaruro usanzwe nubwiza bwibicuruzwa, kandi bikangiza ibidukikije, bigatera imyanda idakenewe. Ikirenze ibyo, nyuma yo gusohoka kw'ibitangazamakuru bimwe na bimwe nka gaze y'ubumara n'amavuta, bizanangiza byinshi ku musaruro utekanye ndetse n'ibidukikije.
Kurugero, iturika rya peteroli ya Qingdao Huangdao ku ya 22 Ugushyingo 2013 hamwe n’akarere ka Tianjin Binhai New Area guturika mu bubiko bw’ibicuruzwa biteye akaga ku ya 2 Kanama 2015 byateje ubuzima n’umutungo byinshi mu gihugu no ku baturage. Impamvu zizi mpanuka zose ziterwa no kumeneka hagati.
Kubwibyo, kumeneka kwibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byinganda ntibishobora kwirengagizwa kandi bigomba gukemurwa mugihe. Nyamara, nikibazo cya tekiniki uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cyo kumeneka kw'ibikoresho biri mu gitutu kandi birimo ibintu byaka kandi biturika cyangwa ibitangazamakuru byangiza ubumara.
Gucomeka ibikoresho hamwe nigitutu, amavuta cyangwa ibintu byuburozi ni gusudira bidasanzwe mubihe bidasanzwe byakazi. Iratandukanye nibisanzwe byo gusudira kandi ishimangira umutekano mugihe gikora. Ingamba zo kubaka umutekano zigamije gukumira impanuka zigomba gutegurwa mbere yo gusudira kugira ngo umutekano w’umuntu ku kazi, abasudira n’abandi bakozi. Abasudira bagomba kuba inararibonye kandi bafite ubuhanga. Muri icyo gihe, hagomba kubaho abajenjeri basudira bafite uburambe bwa tekinike kugirango batange ubuyobozi bwa tekiniki kubikorwa bitandukanye byumutekano.
Kurugero, kubwoko runaka bwa peteroli, birakenewe kumenya ubushobozi, aho gutwika, igitutu, nibindi byamavuta imbere, no kureba ko nta nkomere yumuntu ku giti cye cyangwa n’impanuka zikomeye z'umutekano zizaterwa mugihe cyo gusudira mbere yo kubaka no gukora.
Kubwibyo, mbere no mugihe cyo gusudira kubaka, ingingo zikurikira zigomba gukorwa:
Icya mbere, kugabanya umuvuduko muke. Mbere yo gusudira kugirango ucomeke, hagomba kumenyekana niba igitutu cyibikoresho byo gusudira kizaba gikomeretsa umuntu ku giti cye. Cyangwa bitewe nubushyuhe bwo gusudira, ibikoresho bifite umuyoboro wogutabara utekanye (nka valve yumutekano washyizweho), nibindi.
Icya kabiri, kugenzura ubushyuhe. Mbere yo gusudira, ingamba zose zo gukonjesha zo gukumira no gukumira ibisasu zigomba gukorwa. Mugihe cyo gusudira, abasudira bagomba gukurikiza byimazeyo ibyinjira nubushyuhe byibuze byashyizwe ahagaragara mubyangombwa, kandi ingamba zo gukonjesha umutekano zigomba gushyirwa mubikorwa mugihe cyo gusudira kugirango birinde umuriro cyangwa guturika.
Icya gatatu, kurwanya uburozi. Iyo gufunga no gusudira ibikoresho cyangwa imiyoboro irimo ibintu bifite uburozi, guhumeka neza imyuka yubumara yamenetse no gutanga umwuka mwiza mugihe bigomba gukorwa. Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe gukora akazi keza mukwitandukanya n’umwanda w’ibisohoka by’ubumara.
Ibikurikira nuburyo bwinshi bwo gusudira uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa mubikorwa byubwubatsi kugirango buriwese yige kandi atezimbere.
1 Uburyo bwo gusudira inyundo
Ubu buryo burakoreshwa muburyo bwo gusudira ibice cyangwa ibisebe hamwe nu byobo byubwato buke bwumuyoboro. Koresha electrode ntoya ya diametre yo gusudira bishoboka, kandi umuyoboro wo gusudira ugomba gukurikiza byimazeyo ibisabwa. Igikorwa gikoresha uburyo bwo gusudira byihuse, kandi ubushyuhe bwa arc bukoreshwa mugushushya impande zose ziva. Impera yo gusudira inyundo.
2. Kuzunguruka uburyo bwo gusudira
Iyo ibice bimwe ari binini cyangwa umurambararo wa trachoma cyangwa umwobo wo mu kirere ni munini, biragoye gukoresha inyundo. Urashobora kubanza gukoresha umugozi wicyuma cyangwa inkoni yo gusudira kugirango uzunguruke umwobo cyangwa umwobo kugirango ugabanye umuvuduko nigitemba, hanyuma ukoreshe umuyoboro muto kugirango byihuse Welding irakorwa. Ingingo nyamukuru yubu buryo nuko igice kimwe gusa gishobora guhagarikwa icyarimwe, hanyuma gusudira byihuse, igice kimwe kirahagarikwa ikindi gice kirasudwa. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1
3. Uburyo bwo gusudira hejuru
Kumeneka bimwe biterwa no kwangirika no kwambara no kunanuka. Muri iki gihe, ntugahite usudira mu buryo butaziguye, bitabaye ibyo biroroshye gutera gusudira cyane kandi binini. Gusudira ahantu bigomba gukorwa ahantu heza kuruhande cyangwa munsi yamenetse. Niba nta kumeneka aha hantu, hagomba kubanza gushyirwaho ikidendezi gishongeshejwe, hanyuma, nkumuyonga ufashe ibyondo ukubaka icyari, ugomba gusudira kugeza kumeneka gahoro gahoro, bikagabanya buhoro buhoro ubunini bwamazi. agace, hanyuma amaherezo ukoreshe electrode ntoya ya diameter hamwe numuyoboro ukwiye wo gusudira kugirango ushireho ibimeneka, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2.
4. Uburyo bwo gusudira butandukanye
Birakwiriye gusudira mugihe ahantu hasohotse ari hanini, umuvuduko wogutemba ni munini cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3. Ukurikije imiterere yamenetse, kora isahani yinyongera hamwe nigikoresho cyo kuzimya. Iyo kumeneka gukomeye, igice cyumuyoboro wogukoresha gikoreshwa mugikoresho kizimya, hanyuma hagashyirwaho valve; iyo kumeneka ari bito, ibinyomoro byabanje gusudira ku isahani yo gusana. Ubuso bwa plaque yamashanyarazi bugomba kuba bunini kuruta kumeneka. Umwanya wigikoresho gifata kuri patch ugomba kuba uhanamye. Uruziga rwa kashe rushyirwa kumpande ya patch ihuye nigitemba kugirango igikoresho gisohoka gisohoke kiva mumiyoboro. Kugabanya kumeneka hafi ya patch. Isahani yo gusana imaze gusudwa, funga valve cyangwa komeza bolts.
5. Uburyo bwo gusudira
Iyo umuyoboro umenetse ahantu hanini bitewe no kwangirika cyangwa kwambara, koresha igice cyumuyoboro ufite diameter imwe cyangwa bihagije kugirango uhobere diameter ya sike nkikiboko, kandi uburebure buterwa nubuso bwatembye. Kata umuyoboro wamaboko mubice bibiri, hanyuma usudire umuyoboro. Uburyo bwihariye bwo gusudira nuburyo bumwe bwo gusudira. Muburyo bwo gusudira, impeta yimpeta hamwe nintoki bigomba kubanza gusudwa, naho gusudira kwamaboko bigomba gusudwa bwa nyuma, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4.
6. Gusudira amavuta yamenetse
Gukomeza gusudira ntibishobora gukoreshwa. Kugirango umenye neza ko ubushyuhe bwa weld budashobora kuzamuka cyane, gusudira ahantu hakoreshwa kandi ubushyuhe bukamanuka icyarimwe. Kurugero, nyuma yo gusudira ahantu hato, hita ukonjesha abagurisha hamwe na pamba yuzuye amazi.
Rimwe na rimwe, birakenewe ko dukoresha byimazeyo uburyo butandukanye bwo gucomeka hejuru, kandi gucomeka gusudira bigomba guhinduka kugirango habeho intsinzi yo gusudira.
Nyamara, ntabwo ibikoresho byose byuma bikwiranye nuburyo bwo gusudira. Gusa ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone hamwe nicyuma gito gishobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gucomeka.
Icyuma cya Austenitike kitagira umuyonga kigomba gusanwa no gusudira mugihe byemejwe ko icyuma fatizo hafi y’amazi gishobora kubyara deformasique nini, bitabaye ibyo ntigishobora gusanwa no gusudira.
Ikigereranyo kiri mu byuma birwanya ubushyuhe ubusanzwe ni ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibisohoka bibaho nyuma yigihe kirekire cya serivisi ntibishobora gusanwa mukibazo. Ibyuma byo hasi yubushyuhe ntibyemewe gusanwa no gusudira bishyushye.
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gusudira uburyo bwo gusudira nuburyo bwose bwigihe gito, kandi ntibufite imiterere yubukorikori bwibyuma bishobora kugerwaho no gusudira muburyo bukomeye. Iyo ibikoresho biri muburyo bwo kutagira igitutu kandi nta buryo bworoshye, gucomeka byigihe gito no gusudira bigomba kuvaho burundu, no kongera gusudira cyangwa gusanwa mubundi buryo kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa nibicuruzwa.
incamake
Tekinoroji yo gusudira ni tekinoroji yihutirwa ikenewe muburyo bukomeza bwo kubyara hamwe niterambere ryibikorwa bigezweho. Bifata igihe runaka kugirango uhangane nimpanuka ziva, kandi kumeneka bigomba gusimburwa burundu nyuma. Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yamenetse igomba guhinduka. Kugira ngo uhangane no kumeneka, uburyo bwinshi bushobora no gukoreshwa mu gusudira hamwe. Ikigamijwe ni ukurinda kumeneka nyuma yo gusudira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-22-2023
