Abstract】 Tungsten inert gusudira ni uburyo bwingenzi bwo gusudira mubikorwa byinganda zigezweho. Uru rupapuro rusesengura impagarara zicyuma cyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe noguhindura gusudira kumasahani yoroheje, kandi bikerekana uburyo bwo gusudira ibyingenzi hamwe nogukoresha muburyo bwa tungsten intert gazi yo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ibyuma.
Intangiriro
Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryinganda zigezweho, ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mukwirwanaho, indege, inganda zikora imiti, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nizindi nganda, kandi gusudira ibyuma 1-3mm byuma bidafite ibyuma nabyo biriyongera. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe cyane kumenya inzira ya ngombwa yo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umuyonga.
Tungsten inert gazi yo gusudira (TIG) ikoresha arc pulsed arc, ifite ibiranga kwinjiza ubushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe bwibanze, agace gato katewe nubushyuhe, guhindagurika gusudira, guhindura ubushyuhe bumwe, no kugenzura neza ingufu zumurongo; ikirere kirinda ikirere gifite ingaruka zo gukonjesha mugihe cyo gusudira, gishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwubuso bwa pisine yashongeshejwe kandi bikongerera uburemere bwubuso bwa pisine yashongeshejwe; TIG iroroshye gukora, biroroshye kureba uko pisine yashongeshejwe, gusudira kwinshi, imiterere yubukanishi, hamwe nubuso bwiza. Kugeza ubu, TIG ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye, cyane cyane mu gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese.
1. Ibyingenzi bya tekiniki ya tungsten inert gusudira
1.1 Guhitamo imashini yo gusudira ya tungsten inert na polarite
TIG irashobora kugabanywamo DC na AC pulses. DC pulse TIG ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusudira ibyuma, ibyuma byoroheje, ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe, nibindi, naho AC pulse TIG ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusudira ibyuma byoroheje nka aluminium, magnesium, umuringa hamwe n’ibivange. Impanuka zombi za AC na DC zikoresha ibitonyanga bikabije biranga amashanyarazi. TIG gusudira ibyuma bidafite ibyuma mubisanzwe ikoresha DC ihuza neza.
1.2 Ibyingenzi bya tekiniki yintoki ya tungsten inert gusudira
1.2.1 Arc gutangira
Gutangira Arc bifite uburyo bubiri: kudahuza no guhuza imiyoboro ngufi arc gutangira. Iyambere ntaho ihuriye na electrode hamwe nakazi, ikwiranye no gusudira DC na AC, mugihe iyanyuma ikwiriye gusudira DC gusa. Niba uburyo bugufi bwumuzunguruko bwakoreshejwe mugutangiza arc, arc ntigomba gutangirira muburyo bwo gusudira, kuko byoroshye kubyara tungsten clamping cyangwa gufatira hamwe nakazi, arc ntishobora guhita ihagarara, kandi arc iroroshye. kumena ibikoresho byababyeyi. Kubwibyo, arc itangira isahani igomba gukoreshwa. Isahani y'umuringa igomba gushyirwa kuruhande rwintangiriro. Arc igomba kubanza kuyitangiriraho, hanyuma umutwe wa tungsten electrode umutwe ugomba gushyuha kubushyuhe runaka mbere yo kwimukira mugice cyo gusudira. Mubikorwa nyabyo, TIG akenshi ikoresha arc itangira kugirango itangire arc. Mubikorwa byumuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa amashanyarazi menshi ya pulse, gaze ya argon ionisiyonike kandi arc iratangira.
1.2.2
Mugihe cyo gusudira kumwanya, insinga yo gusudira igomba kuba yoroheje kuruta insinga zisanzwe zikoreshwa. Kuberako ubushyuhe buri hasi kandi gukonjesha byihuse mugihe cyo gusudira ahantu, arc igumaho umwanya muremure, kuburyo byoroshye gutwika. Iyo ukora ikibanza gihagaze neza cyo gusudira, insinga yo gusudira igomba gushyirwa mugice cyo gusudira, kandi arc igomba kwimurwa mugozi wo gusudira imaze guhagarara. Nyuma yo gusudira insinga zishonga kandi zigahuzwa nibikoresho byababyeyi kumpande zombi, arc irahagarara vuba.
Ibikoresho byo gusudira Xinfa bifite ibiranga ubuziranenge kandi buke. Ushaka ibisobanuro birambuye, nyamuneka sura:Abasudira & Gukata Inganda - Ubushinwa bwo gusudira & Gukata Uruganda & Abatanga isoko (xinfatools.com)
1.2.3 Gusudira bisanzwe
Iyo TIG isanzwe ikoreshwa mugusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese, ikigezweho gifatwa nkigiciro gito. Ariko, mugihe ikigezweho kiri munsi ya 20A, gutembera arc biroroshye kubaho, kandi ubushyuhe bwa cathode buri hejuru cyane, ibyo bikaba bizatera ubushyuhe no gutwika ahantu ho gusudira kandi bikangiza imiterere y’ibyuka bya elegitoronike, bigatuma ikibanza cya cathode gisimbuka ubudahwema , bigatuma bigorana gusudira bisanzwe. Iyo pulse TIG ikoreshejwe, impinga yimpanuka irashobora gutuma arc ihagarara neza kandi ikagira icyerekezo cyiza, bigatuma byoroha gushonga ibikoresho byababyeyi no kubikora, kandi bigenda bisimburana kugirango harebwe neza inzira yo gusudira, kugirango ubone gusudira hamwe nibikorwa byiza, isura nziza, hamwe nibidengeri byashongeshejwe.
2. Isesengura ryo gusudira kumpapuro zidafite ingese
Imiterere yumubiri hamwe nisahani yimpapuro zidafite ingese bigira ingaruka kumiterere ya weld. Urupapuro rwicyuma rudafite ubushyuhe buto hamwe nuburinganire bunini bwo kwagura umurongo. Iyo ubushyuhe bwo gusudira buhindutse vuba, ubushyuhe bwumuriro butangwa ni bunini, kandi biroroshye gutwika, munsi yubutaka no guhindagurika. Urupapuro rudasize ibyuma rusudira ahanini rufata isahani iringaniye. Ikidendezi gishongeshejwe cyane cyane nimbaraga za arc, uburemere bwicyuma cya pisine gishongeshejwe hamwe nuburinganire bwubuso bwicyuma cya pisine. Iyo ingano, ubwinshi nubugari bwashongeshejwe nicyuma cya pisine cyashongeshejwe gihoraho, ubujyakuzimu bwa pisine yashongeshejwe biterwa nubunini bwa arc. Ubujyakuzimu bwashongeshejwe hamwe nimbaraga za arc bifitanye isano numuyoboro wo gusudira, kandi ubugari bwashongeshejwe bugenwa na voltage ya arc.
Ninini nini ya pisine yashongeshejwe, nubunini bwubuso bunini. Iyo impagarara zubuso zidashobora kuringaniza imbaraga za arc hamwe nuburemere bwicyuma cya pisine cyashongeshejwe, bizatera pisine yashongeshejwe. Byongeye kandi, gusudira bizashyuha kandi bikonje mugihe cyo gusudira, bitera guhangayika no guhangayika. Iyo kugabanuka kwigihe kirekire gusudira bitera guhangayikishwa nuruhande rwisahani yoroheje irenze agaciro runaka, bizabyara ihinduka rikomeye ryimivumba, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yibikorwa. Muburyo bumwe bwo gusudira hamwe nibipimo bitunganijwe, ukoresheje tungsten electrode yuburyo butandukanye kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwinjira mugusudira birashobora gukemura ibibazo nko gutwikwa no guswera.
3. Gukoresha intoki za tungsten inert gusudira mu gusudira ibyuma bitagira umwanda
3.1 Ihame ryo gusudira
Tungsten inert gazi yo gusudira ni arc ifunguye arc gusudira hamwe na arc ihamye hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi. Kurinda gaze ya inert (argon), pisine yo gusudira ni nziza kandi ubwiza bwa weld nibyiza. Ariko, mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese, cyane cyane ibyuma bya austenitis, ibyuma byinyuma nabyo bigomba gukingirwa, bitabaye ibyo bizatera okiside ikomeye, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yo gusudira no gukora.
3.2 Ibiranga gusudira
Kuzenguruka urupapuro rwicyuma rufite ibintu bikurikira:
1) Amashanyarazi yubushyuhe bwurupapuro rwicyuma ni mabi kandi biroroshye gutwika muburyo butaziguye.
2) Nta nsinga yo gusudira isabwa mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byababyeyi byahujwe neza.
Kubwibyo, ubuziranenge bwibikoresho byo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese bifitanye isano rya bugufi nkibikorwa, ibikoresho, ibikoresho, uburyo bwubwubatsi, ibidukikije byo hanze mugihe cyo gusudira no gutahura.
Muburyo bwo gusudira kumpapuro zidafite ingese, ibikoresho byo gusudira ntibisabwa, ariko ibikoresho bikurikira birasabwa kuba hejuru cyane: Icya mbere, ubwiza, umuvuduko wigihe nigihe cyo gutembera kwa gaz ya argon, naho icya kabiri, electrode ya tungsten.
1) Argon
Argon ni gaze ya inert kandi ntabwo byoroshye kubyitwaramo nibindi bikoresho byuma na gaze. Kuberako gazi yacyo igira ingaruka zo gukonjesha, ubushyuhe bwibasiwe na weld ni nto, kandi deformasiyo ya weld ni nto. Nicyiza cyiza cyo gukingira tungsten inert gas arc gusudira. Ubuziranenge bwa argon bugomba kuba burenze 99,99%. Argon ikoreshwa cyane cyane kurinda neza ikidendezi cyashongeshejwe, kurinda umwuka kwangirika muri pisine yashongeshejwe no gutera okiside mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi igatandukanya neza aho gusudira nikirere, kugirango agace kegereye karindwe kandi imikorere yo gusudira iratera imbere.
2) Tungsten electrode
Ubuso bwa tungsten electrode bugomba kuba bworoshye, iherezo rigomba gukarishya, kandi kwibanda ni byiza. Muri ubu buryo, arc-yumurongo mwinshi arc nibyiza, gutuza kwa arc nibyiza, ubujyakuzimu bwimbitse ni ndende, pisine yashongeshejwe irashobora kuguma ihagaze neza, gusudira byakozwe neza, kandi ubwiza bwo gusudira nibyiza. Niba ubuso bwa electrode ya tungsten bwatwitswe cyangwa hari inenge nkibyuka bihumanya, ibice, imyobo yo kugabanuka, nibindi hejuru, hejuru ya arc yumurongo mwinshi biragoye gutangira mugihe cyo gusudira, arc ntigihungabana, arc yatembye, the ikidendezi gishongeshejwe kiratatana, ubuso bwagutse, ubujyakuzimu bwashushe ni buke, gusudira ntigukorwa nabi, kandi ubwiza bwo gusudira ni bubi.
4. Umwanzuro
1) Tungsten inert gazi arc gusudira ifite ituze ryiza, kandi imiterere ya tungsten electrode itandukanye igira uruhare runini muburyo bwo gusudira kumiterere yicyuma cyoroshye.
2.
3) Gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira birashobora gukumira neza inenge zo gusudira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-21-2024
