Ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe bivuga ibyuma bifite ubushyuhe bwumuriro nimbaraga zumuriro mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ubushyuhe bwumuriro bivuga ubushobozi bwibyuma kugirango bigumane imiti (kurwanya ruswa, kutarwanya okiside) mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Imbaraga zumuriro bivuga imbaraga zihagije zicyuma mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Kurwanya ubushyuhe biterwa ahanini nibintu bivangwa na chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, na niobium. Kubwibyo, guhitamo ibikoresho byo gusudira bigomba kugenwa hashingiwe kubintu bivanze nibyuma byibanze. Ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe bikoreshwa cyane mukubaka ibikoresho bya peteroli na peteroli. Ibyinshi mu byuma byangiza ubushyuhe bwa pearlitike dukunze guhura nabyo bifite ibinure byo hasi, nka 15CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, nibindi.
1 Weldability ya chromium-molybdenum ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe
Chromium na molybdenum nibintu nyamukuru bivangwa na pearlitis ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe, bitezimbere cyane imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa okiside yubushyuhe bwicyuma. Nyamara, barushijeho kwangiza imikorere yo gusudira ibyuma kandi bafite imyumvire yo kuzimya muri weld hamwe nubushyuhe. Nyuma yo gukonjesha mu kirere, biroroshye kubyara imiterere ya martensite ikomeye kandi itavunitse, itagira ingaruka gusa ku miterere yimikorere yingingo zasuditswe, ariko kandi ikanatera impagarara nini imbere, bikaviramo guhinduka gukonje.
Kubwibyo, ikibazo nyamukuru mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe ni ibice, kandi ibintu bitatu bitera gucika ni: imiterere, imihangayiko nibirimo hydrogène muri weld. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane guteza imbere uburyo bwo gusudira bufite ishingiro.
2 Pearlitic ubushyuhe bwihanganira ibyuma byo gusudira
2.1 Bevel
Ubusanzwe beveri itunganywa na flame cyangwa gukata plasma. Bibaye ngombwa, gukata bigomba gushyuha. Nyuma yo gusya, PT igomba kugenzurwa kugirango ikureho ibice. Mubisanzwe ikoreshwa rya V-shusho ikoreshwa, ifite inguni ya 60 °. Duhereye ku gukumira ibice, inguni nini ya groove ni nziza, ariko byongera ubwinshi bwo gusudira. Muri icyo gihe, igikonjo n'impande zombi z'imbere bisizwe neza kugirango bikureho amavuta n'ingese. n'ubushuhe n'ibindi bihumanya (gukuraho hydrogen no kwirinda imyenge).
2.2
Birasabwa ko inteko idashobora guhatirwa gukumira imihangayiko yimbere. Kubera ko ibyuma bya chromium-molybdenum birwanya ubushyuhe bifite ubushake bwo gucika, kubuza gusudira ntibigomba kuba binini cyane mugihe cyo gusudira kugirango wirinde gukomera gukabije, cyane cyane iyo gusudira amasahani manini. Gukoresha utubari twa karuvati, clamps na clamp zemerera gusudira kugabanuka kubuntu bigomba kwirindwa bishoboka.
2.3 Guhitamo uburyo bwo gusudira
Kugeza ubu, uburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gusudira bwo gusudira imiyoboro muri peteroli na peteroli yububiko ni tungsten arc gusudira kubice fatizo hamwe na electrode arc gusudira kugirango bipfundikire. Ubundi buryo bwo gusudira burimo gusudira inert ya gaz yashizwemo gusudira (gusudira MIG), gusudira gaze ya gaze ya CO2, gusudira kwa Electroslag hamwe no gusudira arc byikora, n'ibindi.
2.4 Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gusudira
Ihame ryo guhitamo ibikoresho byo gusudira ni uko ibivanze hamwe nimbaraga zicyuma gisudira bigomba kuba ahanini bihuye nibipimo bihuye nicyuma fatizo cyangwa bigomba kuba byujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho byibuze byasabwe nibicuruzwa bya tekiniki. Kugirango ugabanye hydrogène, hagomba kubanza gukoreshwa inkoni ya hydrogène alkaline yo gusudira. Inkoni yo gusudira cyangwa flux igomba gukama ukurikije inzira yabigenewe hanyuma igakurwa nkuko bikenewe. Igomba gushyirwaho mu ndobo yo gusudira inkoni hanyuma ikajyanwa nkuko bikenewe. Ntabwo hagomba kurenza 4 mu ndobo yo gusudira. amasaha, bitabaye ibyo bigomba kongera gukama, kandi inshuro zo gukama ntizigomba kurenza inshuro eshatu. Hano hari amabwiriza arambuye mubikorwa byihariye byo kubaka. Iyo intoki arc gusudira ya chromium-molybdenum ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe, electrode ya austenitike idafite ibyuma, nka electrode ya A307, nayo irashobora gukoreshwa, ariko gushyuha biracyakenewe mbere yo gusudira. Ubu buryo burakwiriye mubihe aho gusudira bidashobora kuvurwa ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira.
2.5 Gushyushya
Gushyushya ni inzira yingenzi yo gusudira imbeho ikonje no kugabanya imihangayiko yicyuma cyangiza ubushyuhe. Kugirango hamenyekane ubuziranenge bwo gusudira, bwaba ari gusudira ahantu cyangwa mugihe cyo gusudira, bigomba gushyuha no kubungabungwa mubushyuhe runaka.
2.6 Gukonja buhoro nyuma yo gusudira
Gukonja buhoro nyuma yo gusudira ni ihame rigomba gukurikizwa cyane mugihe cyo gusudira chromium-molybdenum ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe. Ibi bigomba gukorwa no mu cyi gishyushye. Mubisanzwe, umwenda wa asibesitosi ukoreshwa mu gupfundika gusudira hamwe n’ahantu hegereye ako kanya nyuma yo gusudira. Udusudo duto dushobora gushyirwaho Cool buhoro buhoro mumyenda ya asibesitosi.
2.7 Kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira
Kuvura ubushyuhe bigomba gukorwa ako kanya nyuma yo gusudira, ikigamijwe ni ukurinda ko habaho gutinda gutinda, gukuraho imihangayiko no kunoza imiterere.
Ibikoresho byo gusudira Xinfa bifite ibiranga ubuziranenge kandi buke. Ushaka ibisobanuro birambuye, nyamuneka sura:Abasudira & Gukata Inganda - Ubushinwa bwo gusudira no gutema uruganda & abatanga ibicuruzwa (xinfatools.com)
3 Icyitonderwa cyo gusudira
(1) Iyo gusudira ubu bwoko bwibyuma, hagomba gufatwa ingamba nko gushyushya no gukonjesha buhoro nyuma yo gusudira. Nyamara, hejuru yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, nibyiza. Ibisabwa byo gusudira bigomba gukurikizwa byimazeyo.
. Gusudira bigomba kurangizwa rimwe, kandi nibyiza kutabangamira. Niba hakenewe guhagarara hagati yinzego, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo gukonjesha ubushyuhe hamwe no gukonjesha buhoro, kandi ingamba zimwe zo gushyushya zigomba gufatwa mbere yo gusudira.
. Byongeye kandi, uko bigezweho, niko byimbitse. Kubwibyo, amabwiriza yo gusudira agomba gukurikizwa cyane kugirango uhitemo ibipimo byo gusudira hamwe ningufu zikwiye zo gusudira.
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(5) Hagomba kandi kwitabwaho ingaruka z’ibihe by’ikirere. Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hasi, ubushyuhe bwo gushyuha burashobora kwiyongera muburyo bukwiye kugirango ubushyuhe butagabanuka vuba, kandi harashobora gufatwa ingamba zihutirwa nkumuyaga n’imvura.
4 Incamake
Gushyushya, kubika ubushyuhe, kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira hamwe nubundi buryo ni ingamba zikenewe zo gusudira chromium-molybdenum ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe. Bitatu bifite akamaro kamwe kandi ntibishobora kwirengagizwa. Niba hari umurongo usibye, ingaruka zizaba zikomeye. Abasudira bagomba gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwo gusudira no gushimangira ubuyobozi bwabashoramari. Ntidukwiye gufata amahirwe no kuyobora abasudira gushyira mubikorwa inzira n'uburemere kandi bikenewe. Mugihe cyose dushyize mubikorwa gahunda yo gusudira mugihe cyubwubatsi, tugafatanya neza nubwoko butandukanye bwimirimo, kandi tugategura uburyo bushyize mu gaciro, turashobora kwemeza ubuziranenge bwo gusudira nibisabwa tekinike.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-01-2023
