Inzego zingenzi nkibishishwa hamwe nigitutu cyumuvuduko bisaba guhuza gusudira neza, ariko kubera ingano yimiterere nimbogamizi zuburyo, gusudira kumpande zombi rimwe na rimwe ntibishoboka. Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora bwuruhande rumwe rushobora gusa kuba uruhande rumwe rwo gusudira hamwe nubuhanga bwo gukora impande zombi, nubuhanga bugoye bwo gukora muburyo bwo gusudira intoki.
Iyo gusudira gusudira guhagaritse, kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa pisine yashongeshejwe, bitewe nigikorwa cya rukuruzi, ibitonyanga byashongeshejwe biterwa no gushonga kwa electrode hamwe nicyuma gishongeshejwe muri pisine yashongeshejwe byoroshye gutemba kugirango bibe ibisebe byo gusudira hamwe nu munsi. ku mpande zombi za weld. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, hashobora kubaho ibishishwa, kandi inenge nko kwinjira bituzuye hamwe nu mwanya wo gusudira ziba byoroshye kuruhande rwinyuma, bikagorana gusudira. Ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe ntabwo byoroshye kubimenya neza, ariko bifitanye isano nuburyo nubunini bwa pisine yashongeshejwe. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyose imiterere nubunini bwa pisine yashongeshejwe neza kandi bikagenzurwa mugihe cyo gusudira, ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe burashobora kugenzurwa kandi intego yo kwemeza ubuziranenge bwo gusudira irashobora kugerwaho.
Ukurikije uburambe bwa shobuja mumyaka irenga icumi, iri tegeko rishobora kuvunagurwa mumagambo akurikira:
1. Inguni y'inkoni yo gusudira ni ingenzi cyane, kandi ibisobanuro byo gusudira ni ngombwa
Mugihe cyo gusudira guhagaritse, bitewe nigitonyanga cyatewe no gushonga kwa electrode hamwe nicyuma gishongeshejwe muri pisine yashongeshejwe, biroroshye kumanuka kugirango bibe igisimba cyo gusudira, kandi insimburangingo zakozwe kumpande zombi za weld, zikangirika. imiterere yo gusudira. Menya neza ibisobanuro byo gusudira neza hanyuma uhindure inguni ya electrode n'umuvuduko wa electrode ukurikije impinduka mubihe byo gusudira. Inguni iri hagati yinkoni yo gusudira nubuso bwa weldment ni 90 ° muburyo bwibumoso no iburyo, hamwe no gusudira
Inguni yo gusudira ni 70 ° ~ 80 ° mugitangira cyo gusudira, 45 ° ~ 60 ° hagati, na 20 ° ~ 30 ° birangiye. Icyuho cyo guterana ni 3-4㎜, kandi diameter ntoya ya electrode Φ3.2㎜ hamwe nuduce duto two gusudira bigomba guhitamo. Gusudira hepfo ni 110-115A, urwego rwinzibacyuho rwagati ni 115-120A, naho igifuniko ni 105-110A. . Ibiriho muri rusange ni bito ugereranije no gusudira neza
12% kugeza kuri 15%, kugirango ugabanye ingano ya pisine yashongeshejwe, kugirango itagerwaho cyane ningufu zikomeye, zifasha gutonyanga bikabije. Gusudira bigufi-arc bikoreshwa mukugabanya intera kuva igitonyanga kugera kuri pisine yashongeshejwe kugirango habeho uruziga rugufi cyane.
2. Itegereze ikidendezi gishonga, wumve amajwi ya arc, kandi uzirikane imiterere yumwobo ushonga
Gusubiza inyuma gusudira kumuzi ya weld ni urufunguzo rwo kwemeza ubuziranenge bwo gusudira. Uburyo bwo kuzimya arc bukoreshwa mu gusudira. Arc kuzimya injyana ya vertical yo gusudira iratinda gato ugereranije no gusudira neza, inshuro 30 kugeza 40 kumunota. Arc yaka igihe kirekire mugihe cyo gusudira kuri buri ngingo, bityo inyama zo gusudira zo gusudira zihagaritse ni ndende kuruta izisudira neza. Mugihe cyo gusudira, tangira gusudira uhereye kumpera yo hepfo. Inguni ya electrode yo hepfo ni 70 ° ~ 80 °. Kanda inshuro ebyiri gucengera gusudira byemewe. Arc irashya kuruhande rwikibiriti hanyuma igashyuha kandi igashonga ahantu ho gusudira kugera kumuzi. Iyo arc yinjiye Hariho ijwi rya "flutter" riva kuri bevel, kandi iyo ubonye umwobo ushonga no gushiraho intebe ya pisine yashongeshejwe, hita uzamura electrode kugirango uzimye arc. Noneho ongera utwike kurundi ruhande rwa groove, hanyuma pisine ya kabiri yashongeshejwe igomba gukanda 1/2 kugeza 2/3 bya pisine ya mbere yashongeshejwe yatangiye gukomera, kugirango weld yose iboneke ukoresheje kuzimya ibumoso niburyo arc kuzimya. gusenyuka. Guhindura intoki bigomba gukoreshwa mu kuzimya arc, kandi arc igomba kuzimya neza buri gihe, kugirango pisine yashongeshejwe igire amahirwe yo gukomera ako kanya.
Iyo arc yazimye, umwobo wa fusion wakozwe numutwe wacumise urashobora kugaragara neza. Umwobo wa fusion ya vertical welding ni nka 0.8mm, kandi ubunini bwumwobo wa fusion bufitanye isano rya bugufi no gushiraho uruhande rwinyuma. Inyuma yumwobo wa fusion akenshi ntabwo yinjiye, kandi ubunini bwumwobo wa fusion bugomba guhorana kimwe mugihe cyo gukora, kugirango habeho kwinjira kimwe mumuzi yikibiriti, isaro yinyuma yuzuye, hamwe nubugari hamwe nuburebure. Mugihe cyo guhinduranya no guhindura inkoni yo gusudira, igipande cyigice kigomba guhanagurwa buri gihe, kandi arc ikongera gutwikwa mumashanyarazi, kandi inguni yinkoni yo gusudira ikomeza gusudira nka 10mm kumurongo wakozwe, kandi igera mu cyuma gisudira iyo igeze kuri dogere 90. Kuzunguruka hagati ibumoso n'iburyo gato, hanyuma ukande arc hepfo icyarimwe, iyo wunvise amajwi ya arc, havuka umwobo ushonga, hanyuma arc irahita izimya, kuburyo arc ya electrode igera mumuzi ya gusudira, kandi umwobo wo gushonga urakorwa hanyuma arc ikazimya ako kanya. Noneho, ni kimwe nuburyo bwo gusudira bwo gusudira bwa electrode yambere, ubundi cycle arc kuzimya gusenyuka kuva ibumoso ugana iburyo, wibande kuri buri rugendo, witondere urutonde rwumwobo ushonga hamwe nicyuho cyashonze kumpande zombi, hanyuma ushonga icyuho kumuzi ya groove, gusa Birashobora kugaragara mugihe arc yimukiye kurundi ruhande. Byagaragaye ko impande zombi zidahujwe neza kandi arc yamanuwe gato kugirango igere neza. Igihe cyo kuzimya arc kiragenzurwa kugeza kimwe cya gatatu cya pisine yashongeshejwe kidakomeye. Ongera utangire arc.
Iyo uzimye arc, twakagombye kumenya ko mugihe buri electrode ifite uburebure bwa 80-100mm gusa, electrode izashonga vuba kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi. Muri iki gihe, igihe cyo kuzimya arc kigomba kongerwa kugirango pisine ishongeshejwe ihite ikomera, kugirango birinde ikidendezi gishushe cyo hejuru ubushyuhe kugwa no gukora ibibyimba byo gusudira. . Mugihe hasigaye 30-40mm gusa ya electrode, itegure gukora ibikorwa byo kuzimya arc. Komeza kumanura inshuro ebyiri cyangwa eshatu kuruhande rumwe rwa pisine yashongeshejwe kugirango pisine ishongeshe ikonje buhoro buhoro, ibyo bikaba bishobora kwirinda kugabanuka kwimyanya ndangagitsina hamwe na arc crater kumeneka imbere ninyuma yisaro. inenge.
3. Ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe neza, kandi ubwiza bwa weld burashobora kunozwa
Birasabwa ko uwagurishije imiraba murwego rwo hagati yoroshye. Hagati y'ibice bibiri hagati, diameter ya electrode ni φ3.2㎜, umuyoboro wo gusudira ni 115-120A, inguni ya electrode igera kuri 70 ° -80 °, kandi uburyo bwa zigzag bukoreshwa mugukoresha inguni ya electrode, uburebure bwa arc, umuvuduko wo gusudira no kuguma kumpande zombi. igihe cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa pisine. Kora impande zombi zahujwe neza kandi ugumane imiterere ya pisine yashongeshejwe.
Mugihe cyo gusudira igice cya gatatu, ntukangize inkombe ya groove, hanyuma usige ubujyakuzimu bwa 1mm kugirango isaro yuzuye yuzuye neza. Impera ya groove hejuru yuburebure ikoreshwa nkumurongo werekana kugirango ushireho urufatiro hejuru yubuso. Mubisanzwe, ibumoso n'iburyo byizunguruka bikoreshwa kugirango uhagarare gato gato kumpande zombi kugirango ushongeshe inkombe ya 1-2mm, no kureba ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe no kumpande zombi. Kuringaniza, cyane cyane witegereze imiterere yikidendezi gishongeshejwe, ugenzure ikidendezi gishongeshejwe muburyo bwimbitse, guma gake kuruhande hamwe na pisine nyinshi yashongeshejwe, kandi ugume byinshi kuruhande hamwe na bike, hanyuma ubare uburebure nubugari bwa weld mugihe usudira . Kubera ko inyama zo gusudira zo gusudira zihagaritse zifite umubyimba mwinshi kuruta izisudira neza, witondere kureba imiterere ya pisine yashongeshejwe hamwe nubunini bwinyama zo gusudira. Niba inkombe yo hepfo ya pisine yashongeshejwe ivuye kuruhande rworoheje, bivuze ko ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe ari hejuru cyane. Muri iki gihe, igihe cyo gutwika arc kigomba kugabanywa nigihe cyo kuzimya Arc kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe. Crater igomba kuzuzwa mbere yo gusimbuza electrode kugirango wirinde gucika.
4. Inzira yo gutwara abantu nukuri, kugirango umudozi wo gusudira ube mwiza
Mugihe cyo gusudira hejuru yigitwikirizo, uburyo bwo gutwara zigzag cyangwa ukwezi gutambutse burashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gusudira. Ubwikorezi bwa strip bugomba kuba butajegajega, umuvuduko ugomba kwihuta gato hagati yisaro ryo gusudira, kandi hagomba guhagarara umwanya muto kumpande kumpande zombi. Ibisobanuro birambuye ni uko umurambararo wa electrode ari φ3.2㎜, umuyoboro wo gusudira ni 105-110A, inguni ya electrode igomba kubikwa kuri 80 °, electrode ikazunguruka ibumoso n'iburyo kugirango ishongeshe inkombe. na 1-2㎜, hanyuma ukanyeganyega gato hejuru no hepfo iyo impande zihagarara. Ariko iyo electrode iva muruhande rumwe kurundi, arc hagati irazamurwa gato kugirango urebe imiterere ya pisine yose yashongeshejwe. Niba ikidendezi gishongeshejwe kiringaniye na oval, bivuze ko ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe burakwiriye, gusudira bisanzwe birakorwa, kandi ubuso bwarakozwe neza. Niba bigaragaye ko inda ya pisine yashongeshejwe iba izengurutse, bivuze ko ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe buri hejuru gato, kandi uburyo bwo gutwara inkoni bugomba guhita buhindurwa, ni ukuvuga igihe cyo gutura cya electrode kuri byombi impande za groove zigomba kongerwa, umuvuduko winzibacyuho hagati ugomba kwihuta, kandi uburebure bwa arc bugomba kugabanywa bishoboka. Niba ikidendezi gishongeshejwe kidashobora gusubizwa muburyo bwa elliptique, kandi ibibyimba byiyongera, bivuze ko ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe ari hejuru cyane, kandi arc igomba guhita izimya, kandi pisine yashongeshejwe igomba kwemererwa gukonja, hanyuma ukomeze gusudira nyuma yubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe.
Iyo utwikiriye ubuso, birakenewe kwemeza ko inkombe ya weld ari nziza. Niba bigaragaye ko electrode yo munsi yimuka igenda gato, cyangwa ikagumaho igihe gito kugirango yuzuze inenge, ubuso burashobora kuba bwiza gusa mugihe ubuso bukabije. Iyo igifuniko cy'igifuniko gisuditswe, ubushyuhe bwo gusudira buri hasi, bukunze kwibasirwa nudusembwa nko guhuza nabi, gushyiramo ibice, gutandukana hamwe, hamwe nuburebure bukabije. Kubwibyo, ubwiza bwigifuniko bugira ingaruka kumiterere yubuso. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo kubanziriza bukoreshwa mugusudira hamwe, kandi arc irashya kuva hejuru kugeza hasi mugushushanya nka 15mm hejuru yintangiriro yo gusudira, naho arc ikaramburwa na 3 kugeza kuri 6mm, hamwe nintangiriro yo gusudira. ubudodo bwabanje gusudwa. ashyushye. Noneho hagarika arc hanyuma uyishyire kuri 2/3 byumwimerere wa arc crater inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 kugirango ugere neza neza hanyuma uhindure gusudira bisanzwe.
Nubwo imyanya yo gusudira itandukanye, nayo ifite itegeko rusange. Imyitozo yerekanye ko guhitamo ibipimo bikwiye byo gusudira, gukomeza inguni ya electrode ikwiye no kumenya ibikorwa bitatu byamahirwe meza, kugenzura neza ubushyuhe bwikidendezi cyashongeshejwe, gusudira Iyo gusudira uhagaritse, urashobora kubona ubwiza bwiza bwo gusudira hamwe nubudozi bwiza imiterere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-29-2023
