Ibikoresho byo guca CNC nibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukata imashini, bizwi kandi nkibikoresho byo gukata. Gukomatanya ibikoresho byiza byo gutunganya nibikoresho byiza byo gukata CNC birashobora gutanga umukino wuzuye mubikorwa bikwiye kandi bikagera ku nyungu nziza zubukungu. Hamwe nogutezimbere ibikoresho byo gukata ibikoresho, ibikoresho bishya byo gutema ibikoresho bifite umubiri mwiza, ubukanishi nibikorwa byo guca. Byaratejwe imbere cyane, urugero rwo gusaba narwo rwagutse.
Imiterere y'ibikoresho bya CNC
1. Imiterere yibikoresho bitandukanye igizwe nigice gifatanye nigice cyakazi. Igice cyo gufatisha hamwe nigice cyakazi cyibikoresho bigize ibikoresho byose bikozwe kumubiri ukata; igice cyakazi (iryinyo ryicyuma cyangwa icyuma) cyibikoresho byubatswe byashyizwe kumubiri.
2. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwibice bifatanye hamwe nu mwobo. Igikoresho gifite umwobo gishyirwa kumurongo wingenzi cyangwa mandel yigikoresho cyimashini hakoreshejwe umwobo wimbere, kandi umwanya wa torsional woherezwa hakoreshejwe urufunguzo rwa axial cyangwa urufunguzo rwo mumaso rwanyuma, nkicyuma gisya silindrike, a igikonjo cyo gusya gikata, nibindi.
3. Icyuma gifite imikono isanzwe ifite ubwoko butatu: urukiramende rw'urukiramende, urusenda rwa silindrike na shanki. Guhindura ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo gutegura, nibindi nibisanzwe ni urukiramende; shanks ya conical itwara axial hamwe na taper, kandi ikohereza torque hifashishijwe guterana amagambo; shanki ya silindrike muri rusange ikwiranye na mato mato mato, gusya hamwe nibindi bikoresho. Imbaraga zo guterana zivamo zohereza umuriro. Shank y'ibyuma byinshi bya shank bikozwe mubyuma bito bivanze, naho igice cyakazi gikozwe mubyuma byihuta byihuta byo gusudira ibice byombi.
4. Igice gikora cyigikoresho nigice gitanga kandi gitunganya chip, harimo ibintu byubatswe nkicyuma, imiterere ivunika cyangwa izunguruka chip, umwanya wo gukuramo chip cyangwa ububiko bwa chip, numuyoboro wo guca amazi. Igice gikora cyibikoresho bimwe nigice cyo gukata, nkibikoresho byo guhindura, abategura, ibikoresho birambirana hamwe no gusya; igice cyakazi cyibikoresho bimwe birimo gukata ibice nibice bya kalibrasi, nkimyitozo, reamers, reamers, imbere imbere gukurura ibyuma na kanda nibindi. Igikorwa cyigice cyo gukata ni ugukuraho chip hamwe nicyuma, nigikorwa cyigice cya kalibrasi ni koroshya ubuso bwimashini no kuyobora igikoresho.
5. Imiterere yigice cyakazi cyigikoresho gifite ubwoko butatu: ubwoko bwibanze, ubwoko bwo gusudira nubwoko bwa clamping. Imiterere rusange nugukora impande zombi kumubiri; imiterere yo gusudira ni ugukata icyuma kumubiri wicyuma; hariho uburyo bubiri bwo gufatisha imashini, imwe nugukata icyuma kumubiri, naho ikindi ni Nugukomeretsa umutwe wogosha umutwe kumubiri. Ibikoresho bya karbide ya sima bikozwe muburyo busanzwe bwo gusudira cyangwa ibyuma bifata imashini; ibikoresho bya faroseri byose ni imashini ifata imashini.
6. Ibipimo bya geometrike yo gukata igice cyigikoresho bigira uruhare runini mugukata neza no gutunganya ubuziranenge. Kongera inguni ya rake birashobora kugabanya ihindagurika rya plastike mugihe isura ya rake ikubise igipande cyo gutema, kandi ikagabanya ubukana bwo guterana amagambo ya chipi zinyura imbere, bityo bikagabanya imbaraga zo guca no kugabanya ubushyuhe. Ariko, kongera inguni ya rake bizagabanya imbaraga zo gukata no kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza umutwe wumutwe.
Gutondekanya ibikoresho bya CNC
Icyiciro kimwe: ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibintu bitandukanye byo hanze, harimo ibikoresho byo guhindura, abapanga, gusya, gusya hanze hamwe na dosiye, nibindi.;
Icyiciro cya kabiri: ibikoresho byo gutunganya umwobo, harimo imyitozo, reamers, ibikoresho birambiranye, reamers hamwe nubutaka bwimbere, nibindi.;
Icyiciro cya gatatu: ibikoresho byo gutunganya urudodo, harimo kanda, bipfa, gufungura byikora no gufunga imitwe yo guca imitwe, ibikoresho byo guhinduranya urudodo hamwe no gukata insyo, nibindi.;
Icyiciro cya kane: ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho, harimo hobs, ibyuma byerekana ibikoresho, ibyuma byo kogosha ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho bya bevel, nibindi.;
Icyiciro cya gatanu: ibikoresho byaciwe, harimo gushyiramo uruziga ruzengurutse uruziga, ibiti by'imigozi, imiheto, ibikoresho byo guhinduranya no kubona ibyuma bisya, n'ibindi.
Uburyo bwo guca imanza ibikoresho bya NC
1. Banza umenye niba yambarwa cyangwa itambaye mugihe cyo kuyitunganya, cyane cyane mugihe cyo gutema, umva amajwi, kandi mu buryo butunguranye ijwi ryigikoresho mugihe cyo gutunganya ntabwo ari ugukata bisanzwe, byanze bikunze, ibi bisaba gukusanya uburambe.
2. Reba gutunganya. Niba hari ibihe bimwe na bimwe bidasanzwe mugihe cyo gutunganya, bivuze ko igikoresho cyashaje. Urashobora guhindura igikoresho mugihe ukurikije ubuzima busanzwe bwigikoresho.
3. Reba ibara ryicyuma. Niba ibara ryibyuma byahinduwe, bivuze ko ubushyuhe bwo gutunganya bwahindutse, bushobora guterwa no kwambara ibikoresho.
4. Reba imiterere yicyuma. Impande zombi zicyuma zisa nkiziritse, ibyuma byiziritse bidasanzwe, kandi ibyuma bigabanywa neza. Biragaragara ko atari ibyiyumvo byo gukata bisanzwe, byerekana ko igikoresho cyambarwa.
5. Urebye hejuru yakazi, hari ibimenyetso bigaragara, ariko ububi nubunini ntabwo byahindutse cyane, mubyukuri igikoresho cyambarwa.
6. Umva amajwi, kunyeganyega gutunganya biziyongera, kandi urusaku rudasanzwe ruzakorwa mugihe igikoresho kitihuta. Muri iki gihe, hagomba kwitonderwa kwirinda "gutera icyuma" no gutuma igihangano gikurwaho.
7. Itegereze umutwaro wigikoresho cyimashini. Niba hari impinduka zigaragara zigaragara, bivuze ko igikoresho gishobora kuba cyambarwa.
8. Iyo igikoresho cyaciwe, igihangano gikora burrs zikomeye, ubukana buragabanuka, ingano yimirimo ihinduka nibindi bintu bigaragara nabyo ni byo bipimo byo guca imanza zambara. Mu ijambo, kubona, kumva, no gukoraho, igihe cyose ushobora kuvuga incamake ingingo imwe, urashobora kumenya niba igikoresho cyambaye.
Ihame ryo guhitamo ibikoresho bya CNC
1. Ikintu cyingenzi mugutunganya nigikoresho
Igikoresho icyo ari cyo cyose gihagarika gukora bisobanura guhagarika umusaruro. Ariko ntibisobanura ko icyuma cyose gifite umwanya umwe wingenzi. Igikoresho gifite igihe kirekire cyo guca kigira ingaruka zikomeye kumuzunguruko, kubwibyo rero, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane kuri iki gikoresho. Byongeye kandi, hakwiye kwitabwaho gutunganya ibikoresho byingenzi nibikoresho byihanganira imashini. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kugenzura chip, nkimyitozo, ibikoresho byo gutobora, hamwe nibikoresho byo kumutwe, nabyo bigomba kwitabwaho. Igihe cyigihe gishobora guterwa no kugenzura nabi chip.
2. Huza nigikoresho cyimashini
Icyuma kigabanyijemo ibyuma byiburyo hamwe nicyuma cyibumoso, guhitamo icyuma rero ni ngombwa cyane. Muri rusange, ibikoresho byiburyo bikwiranye nimashini zizunguruka ku isaha (CCW) (nkuko bigaragara kuri spindle); ibikoresho byibumoso bikwiranye nimashini zizunguruka ku isaha (CW). Niba ufite imisarani myinshi, bimwe bifata ibikoresho byibumoso nibindi bisigaye ibumoso, hitamo ibikoresho byibumoso. Gusya, ariko, abantu muri rusange bakunda guhitamo ibikoresho bitandukanye. Ariko nubwo urwego rwo gutunganya rutwikiriwe nubu bwoko bwibikoresho ari runini, uhita utakaza ubukana bwigikoresho, ukongera guhindagura igikoresho, kugabanya ibipimo byo kugabanya, kandi byoroshye gutera kunyeganyega. Mubyongeyeho, manipulator yo guhindura igikoresho kubikoresho byimashini nayo ifite imbogamizi kubunini n'uburemere bw'igikoresho. Niba ugura igikoresho cyimashini hamwe no gukonjesha imbere binyuze mu mwobo muri spindle, nyamuneka hitamo kandi igikoresho gikonjesha imbere binyuze mu mwobo.
3. Huza nibikoresho byatunganijwe
Ibyuma bya karubone ni ibintu bisanzwe bitunganyirizwa mu gutunganya, bityo ibikoresho byinshi byo gutema byakozwe hifashishijwe uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ibyuma bya karubone. Urwego rwicyuma rugomba gutoranywa ukurikije ibikoresho bigomba gutunganywa. Abakora ibikoresho batanga urutonde rwimibiri yo gukata hamwe ninjiza ihuye nogutunganya ibikoresho bidafite fer nka superalloys, titanium alloys, aluminium, ibihimbano, plastike nicyuma cyiza. Mugihe ukeneye gutunganya ibikoresho byavuzwe haruguru, nyamuneka hitamo igikoresho gifite ibikoresho bihuye. Ababikora benshi bafite urukurikirane rwibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukata, byerekana ibikoresho bikwiriye gutunganywa. Kurugero, urukurikirane rwa 3PP rwa DaElement rukoreshwa cyane mugutunganya aluminiyumu, 86P ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya ibyuma bitagira umwanda, naho 6P ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya ibyuma bikomeye.
4. Ibisobanuro by'ibikoresho
Ikosa risanzwe nuguhitamo igikoresho cyo guhinduranya ari gito cyane nigikoresho cyo gusya nini cyane. Ibikoresho binini byo guhindura ibintu bifite ubukana bwiza; mugihe imashini nini yo gusya ntabwo ihenze gusa, ariko kandi ifata igihe kirekire cyo guca ikirere. Muri rusange, igiciro cyicyuma kinini ni kinini kuruta icyuma gito.
5. Hitamo hagati yicyuma gisimburwa cyangwa ibyuma bisubiramo
Ihame ryo gukurikiza riroroshye: gerageza wirinde kuvugurura ibyuma byawe. Usibye imyitozo mike hamwe no gusya mumaso, gerageza uhitemo icyuma gisimburwa cyangwa imitwe isimburwa mugihe ibintu byemewe. Ibi bizigama amafaranga yumurimo mugihe ubonye ibisubizo bihamye byo gutunganya.
6. Ibikoresho nibikoresho
Guhitamo ibikoresho byibikoresho nibirango bifitanye isano ya hafi nimiterere yibikoresho byatunganijwe, umuvuduko ntarengwa nigipimo cyibikoresho byimashini. Hitamo igikoresho rusange cyitsinda ryibikoresho birimo gutunganywa, mubisanzwe. Reba kuri "Imbonerahamwe yo Gusaba Icyiciro" gitangwa nuwatanze ibikoresho. Mubikorwa bifatika, ikosa risanzwe ni ukugerageza gukemura ikibazo cyubuzima bwibikoresho usimbuza amanota asa nayandi masosiyete akora ibikoresho. Niba ibyuma byawe bihari atari byiza, noneho guhinduranya ikirango gisa nundi mubikora birashoboka kuzana ibisubizo bisa. Kugira ngo ikibazo gikemuke, birakenewe kumenya icyateye ibikoresho kunanirwa.
7. Ibisabwa imbaraga
Ihame rikuyobora ni ukubona ibyiza muri byose. Niba waguze imashini isya ifite ingufu za 20hp, noneho, niba igihangano cyakazi hamwe nibikoresho byemerera, hitamo igikoresho gikwiye hamwe nibikoresho byo gutunganya kugirango bigere kuri 80% yo gukoresha ingufu zikoreshwa mumashini. Witondere byumwihariko imbaraga / umuvuduko mumeza yimashini ikoresha imashini, hanyuma uhitemo igikoresho gishobora kugera kumurongo mwiza wo gukata ukurikije ingufu za mashini.
8. Umubare wo gukata impande
Ihame ni, nibyiza. Kugura igikoresho cyo guhinduranya hamwe inshuro ebyiri zo gukata ntibisobanura kwishyura inshuro ebyiri. Igishushanyo kiboneye kandi cyikubye kabiri umubare wogukata impande zombi, gutandukana no gushiramo insyo mumyaka icumi ishize. Ntibisanzwe gusimbuza icyuma cyo gusya cyumwimerere hamwe ninshuro 4 zo gukata impande zose hamwe na 16 yo gukata. Kongera umubare wogukata impande nazo bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye kugaburira kumeza no gutanga umusaruro.
9. Hitamo igikoresho cyuzuye cyangwa igikoresho
Ibikoresho bito byimiterere bikwiranye nigishushanyo cya monolithic; ibikoresho binini byimiterere birakwiriye kubishushanyo mbonera. Kubikoresho binini byo gukata, mugihe igikoresho cyo gukata cyananiranye, abakoresha akenshi bizeye kubona igikoresho gishya cyo gukata gusa mugusimbuza ibice bito kandi bihendutse. Ibi ni ukuri cyane kubikoresho byo gutobora no kurambirana.
10. Hitamo igikoresho kimwe cyangwa igikoresho kinini
Utuntu duto duto dukunda kuba twinshi kubikoresho byuzuzanya. Kurugero, igikoresho kinini gihuza gucukura, guhindukira, kurambirana imbere, kumutwe no gutondeka. Birumvikana, ibikorwa byinshi bigoye birakenewe cyane kubikoresho byinshi-bikora. Ibikoresho byimashini bikungukira gusa mugihe bigabanije, ntabwo iyo biri hasi.
11. Hitamo igikoresho gisanzwe cyangwa igikoresho kitari gisanzwe
Hamwe no gukundwa kwimashini igenzura (CNC), muri rusange abantu bemeza ko imiterere yakazi ishobora kugerwaho hifashishijwe porogaramu, aho gushingira ku bikoresho, bityo ibikoresho bitari bisanzwe ntibikiri ngombwa. Mubyukuri, ibyuma bitari bisanzwe biracyafite 15% yibicuruzwa byose byagurishijwe. Kubera iki? Gukoresha ibikoresho byo gukata birashobora kuba byujuje ubunini bwibisabwa byakazi, kugabanya inzira no kugabanya uburyo bwo gutunganya. Kubyara umusaruro mwinshi, ibikoresho bitari bisanzwe byo kugabanya birashobora kugabanya uburyo bwo gutunganya no kugabanya ibiciro.
12. Kugenzura imitwe
Wibuke, intego yawe nugukora imashini yakazi, ntabwo ari chip, ariko chip irashobora kwerekana neza uko igikoresho cyaciwe. Muri rusange, hariho imyumvire yerekeye gutema, kuko abantu benshi ntabwo batojwe kubisobanura. Ibuka ihame rikurikira: chip nziza ntizisenya inzira, chip mbi izakora ibinyuranye. Ibyinshi mubyinjijwemo byakozwe na chip yameneka, naho chip yameneka ikorwa ukurikije igipimo cyibiryo, cyaba ari ugukata urumuri rurangiza cyangwa gukata cyane. Gutoya chip, niko bigoye kumeneka. Kugenzura Chip ni ikibazo kubikoresho bigoye-kumashini. Nubwo ibikoresho bigomba gutunganywa bidashobora guhinduka, ibikoresho bishya birashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura umuvuduko wo kugabanya, igipimo cyibiryo, urugero rwo gukata, radiyo yimfuruka yizuru ryibikoresho, nibindi.
13. Porogaramu
Imbere y'ibikoresho, ibihangano hamwe n'imashini zitunganya CNC, akenshi birakenewe gusobanura inzira y'ibikoresho. Byiza, kumenya kode yimashini yibanze, ifite pake ya CAM. Inzira y'ibikoresho igomba kuzirikana ibiranga ibikoresho nko kuzenguruka impande zose, icyerekezo cyo kuzunguruka, kugaburira, kugabanya umuvuduko, n'ibindi. Buri gikoresho gifite tekinoroji yo gutangiza gahunda yo kugabanya imashini ikora, kunoza imitwe, no kugabanya imbaraga zo guca. Porogaramu nziza ya CAM irashobora kubika akazi no kongera umusaruro.
14. Hitamo ibyuma bishya cyangwa ibyuma bisanzwe bikuze
Ku kigero kiriho cyiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, umusaruro wibikoresho byo gukata urashobora gukuba kabiri buri myaka 10. Ugereranije gukata ibipimo byibikoresho byasabwe hashize imyaka 10, uzasanga igikoresho cyumunsi gishobora gukuba kabiri gutunganya neza, ariko imbaraga zo gukata zigabanukaho 30%. Matrice ya alloy igikoresho gishya cyo gukata irakomeye kandi ifite ubukana buhanitse, bushobora kubona umuvuduko mwinshi wo gukata nimbaraga nke zo gukata. Chipbreakers hamwe n amanota afite progaramu yo hasi yihariye kandi ihindagurika. Mugihe kimwe, ibyuma bigezweho byongeyeho byinshi kandi bihindagurika, byombi bigabanya kubara no kwagura ibikoresho. Iterambere ryibikoresho byo gukata ryanatumye habaho igishushanyo mbonera cyibicuruzwa no gutunganya ibintu, nkibikoresho bya Bawang bifite imikorere yo guhinduranya no gusya, hamwe no gusya ibiryo bigaburira cyane, byateje imbere imashini yihuta cyane, gutunganya amavuta make (MQL). n'ikoranabuhanga rikomeye. Ukurikije ibintu byavuzwe haruguru nizindi mpamvu, ugomba kandi gukurikiza uburyo bwo gutunganya no kwiga ibijyanye no guca ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga, bitabaye ibyo uzagira ibyago byo gusubira inyuma.
15. Igiciro
Nubwo igiciro cyigikoresho ari ngombwa, ntabwo ari ngombwa nkigiciro cyumusaruro wishyuwe kubikoresho. Mugihe icyuma gifite igiciro cyacyo, agaciro kicyuma kiri mumirimo ikora kugirango itange umusaruro. Mubisanzwe, ibyuma biri hasi yibiciro nibyo bivamo umusaruro mwinshi. Igiciro cyo gukata ibikoresho bingana na 3% gusa yikiguzi cyigice. Wibande rero ku musaruro wibyuma byawe, ntabwo ari igiciro cyabyo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-27-2018
