Ibikoresho byo gusudira Xinfa bifite ibiranga ubuziranenge kandi buke. Ushaka ibisobanuro birambuye, nyamuneka sura:Abasudira & Gukata Inganda - Ubushinwa bwo gusudira & Gukata Uruganda & Abatanga isoko (xinfatools.com)
1. Igitekerezo cyujuje ibyangombwa byo gusudira
Uburyo bwo gusudira ibyangombwa ni imyiteguro ibanza kumirimo yose yo gusudira. Igikorwa cyo gusudira cyujuje ibyangombwa ni inzira yikizamini hamwe nisuzuma ryibisubizo byakozwe kugirango hamenyekane neza uburyo bwo gusudira bwateganijwe bwo gusudira hamwe nibicuruzwa bifitanye isano.
Harimo inzira yo gutegura mbere yo gusudira, gusudira, kugerageza no gusuzuma ibisubizo. Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira nayo ni inzira yingenzi mubikorwa byo gukora. Iyi nzira ifite intego, intego, ibisubizo, hamwe nurwego ruto. Kubwibyo rero, impamyabumenyi yo gusudira igomba gushingira kuri gahunda yatanzwe yo gusudira, harimo gutegura mbere yo gusudira, ibice byo gusudira, ibizamini byo kugenzura, no kumenya niba ingingo zisudira z’ibizamini zifite ibimenyetso bitandukanye bya tekiniki byerekana imikorere isabwa. Hanyuma, ubunararibonye bwakusanyirijwe mubikorwa byose Ibintu bitandukanye byo gusudira, amakuru yo gusudira hamwe n ibisubizo byikizamini byakusanyirijwe mumakuru yuzuye kandi asabwa gukora "raporo yo gusuzuma gahunda yo gusudira".
2. Akamaro ko gusudira ibyangombwa
Isuzuma ryuburyo bwo gusudira ni ihuriro ryingenzi mu kwemeza ubuziranenge bwo gusudira, ibyombo byumuvuduko hamwe nu miyoboro. Isuzumabumenyi ryo gusudira ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kandi cy'ingenzi mu mirimo yo gutegura tekiniki mbere yo gusudira amashyiga, imiyoboro y'umuvuduko n'imiyoboro y'umuvuduko. Nibintu bigomba kugenzurwa mubugenzuzi bwubwubatsi bukorwa nikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe ubuziranenge nubuhanga. Ni ngombwa-kwemeza ko inzira yo gusudira ikwiye kandi ishyize mu gaciro. Uburyo ni garanti yingenzi kugirango hamenyekane ubuziranenge bwibice byasuditswe kandi ko imitungo itandukanye yingingo zasudiwe igomba kubahiriza ibicuruzwa bya tekiniki nibisabwa bisanzwe.
Kubwibyo, ukuri no gushyira mu gaciro inzira yo gusudira bigomba kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe ubushakashatsi bujyanye, ni ukuvuga impamyabumenyi yo gusudira. Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira irashobora kandi kunoza umusaruro wo gusudira no kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro mugihe harebwa ubuziranenge bwibihuru, kandi bikabona inyungu zubukungu.
3. Intego yubushobozi bwo gusudira
1 ni inyandiko ya tekiniki igomba gukurikizwa mu gukora, kuyishyiraho, kuyitaho no kuyindi nzira yo kubyaza amashyiga, imiyoboro yumuvuduko, imiyoboro yingutu nibikoresho, ndetse no mumahugurwa yo gusudira no kwigisha.
2 ni ihuriro ryingenzi cyangwa igipimo cyingenzi kigomba gushyirwa mubikorwa mugucunga ubuziranenge.
3 nikimenyetso cyingenzi kigaragaza ubushobozi bwo gusudira nurwego rwa tekiniki yikintu.
4 Ni ikintu kigomba-gukora giteganijwe ninganda zibishinzwe n’amabwiriza y’igihugu.
4. Ingano yo gukoresha ibyangombwa byo gusudira
1 Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira irakoreshwa mubikorwa byo gusudira byo gukora, gushiraho no gufata neza ibikoresho byibyuma nka boiler, imiyoboro, imiyoboro y’umuvuduko hamwe n’ibyuma bitwara imizigo, hamwe n’amahugurwa yo gusudira no gusuzuma tekiniki. Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira igomba gukorwa mbere yo gushyira mu bikorwa iyi mirimo. kugirango umenye neza inzira yatanzwe yo gusudira.
2 Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira irakoreshwa muburyo bwo gusudira nko gusudira electrode arc, gusudira tungsten arc, gusudira ibyuma bya gaz arc, gusudira insinga zometse kuri arc, gusudira gaze, no gusudira arc.
3 Ibigo bikora imirimo yo gukora, gushiraho cyangwa kubungabunga.
4 Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira yujuje ibyangombwa, kandi ibisabwa bya tekiniki y'ibicuruzwa bitandukanye biratandukanye. Niba ibicuruzwa ari icyombo cyumuvuduko, ibisubizo byikizamini cyujuje ibyangombwa bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa muburyo bwa tekiniki bwubwato bwumuvuduko; niba ibicuruzwa ari ibyuma bitwara imizigo, ibisubizo byikizamini cyibizamini bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa bya tekiniki yimiterere yimiterere yicyuma, nibindi. icyifuzo cyibanze cyibikorwa byo gusudira ibyangombwa bisabwa.
5. Ibiranga impamyabumenyi yo gusudira
1 Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira ni ugukemura ibibazo byo gusudira ibyuma byose mubihe runaka, aho guhitamo ibipimo byiza. Ifite intera runaka kandi iremewe kubantu benshi.
2 Isuzuma ryibikorwa byo gusudira ni ugukemura ibibazo byimikorere mugihe cyihariye cyibikorwa, ariko ntishobora gukemura ibibazo byubuziranenge muri rusange bijyanye no gukuraho imihangayiko, kugabanya ihinduka, gukumira inenge zo gusudira, nibindi.
3. Isuzuma ryibikorwa byo gusudira rigomba gushingira kumikorere yo gusudira yibikoresho fatizo no kuyobora umusaruro binyuze mubizamini bya tekiniki byizewe byo gusuzuma gahunda yo gusudira, birinda ingaruka mbi zo gukoresha ibicuruzwa nkibice byipimishije.
4 Ibintu byabantu bigomba kuvaho mugihe cyibizamini byo gusudira byuburyo bwo gusudira, kandi impamyabumenyi yo gusudira hamwe nubushobozi bwo gusudira ntibigomba kwitiranywa. Ushinzwe impamyabumenyi yo gusudira agomba gushobora gutandukanya niba igitera inenge ari ikibazo cyo gusudira cyangwa ikibazo cyubuhanga bwo gusudira. Niba ari ikibazo cyubuhanga, bigomba gukemurwa binyuze mumahugurwa yo gusudira.
5 Ibizamini bisabwa nuburyo busanzwe bwo gusudira amabwiriza yo kwuzuza ibisabwa ni ubusanzwe ubushyuhe busanzwe bwubukanishi bwibihuru. Nukuvuga ko, niba yaratsinze igenzura, isura idasenya hamwe nubushakashatsi busanzwe bwubushyuhe, mubisanzwe bifatwa nkuwatsinze ikizamini cyo gusudira. Kubwoko bushya bwibyuma byubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi mwinshi mubikorwa byingufu zamashanyarazi, iki gisubizo ntabwo cyizewe rwose, kandi ibizamini byo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ibizamini byikurikiranya, kwangirika kwangirika nibindi bizamini byingingo nabyo bigomba gutekerezwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-27-2024
