1. Filime ya Oxide:
Aluminium iroroshye cyane okiside mu kirere no mugihe cyo gusudira. Umwuka wa aluminiyumu (Al2O3) ufite aho ushonga cyane, urahagaze neza, kandi biragoye kuwukuraho. Irabuza gushonga no guhuza ibikoresho byababyeyi. Filime ya oxyde ifite uburemere bwihariye kandi ntabwo byoroshye kureremba hejuru. Biroroshye kubyara inenge nko gushyiramo slag, guhuza bituzuye, no kwinjira bituzuye.
Filime yo hejuru ya oxyde ya aluminium no kwinjiza amazi menshi birashobora gutera byoroshye imyenge muri weld. Mbere yo gusudira, uburyo bwa shimi cyangwa ubukanishi bugomba gukoreshwa mugusukura neza no gukuraho firime ya oxyde.
Komeza uburinzi mugihe cyo gusudira kugirango wirinde okiside. Mugihe ukoresheje tungsten inert gusudira, koresha ingufu za AC kugirango ukureho firime ya oxyde ukoresheje "cathode yoza".
Mugihe ukoresheje gusudira gaze, koresha flux ikuraho firime ya oxyde. Iyo gusudira amasahani manini, ubushyuhe bwo gusudira burashobora kwiyongera. Kurugero, arc ya helium ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi gazi ivanze na helium cyangwa argon-helium ikoreshwa mukurinda, cyangwa ikoreshwa rya elegitoronike nini ya elegitoronike ikingira gusudira. Mugihe cyerekezo cyiza kigezweho, "gusukura cathode" ntabwo bisabwa.
2. Amashanyarazi menshi
Ubushyuhe bwumuriro nubushobozi bwihariye bwubushyuhe bwa aluminium na aluminiyumu bikubye hafi kabiri ibyuma bya karubone nicyuma gito. Ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa aluminiyumu burenze inshuro icumi ubw'icyuma cya austenitis.
Mugihe cyo gusudira, ubushyuhe bwinshi burashobora gukorwa vuba mubyuma fatizo. Kubwibyo, iyo gusudira aluminium na aluminiyumu, usibye ingufu zikoreshwa muri pisine yashongeshejwe, ubushyuhe bwinshi nabwo bukoreshwa bitari ngombwa mubindi bice byicyuma. Uku gukoresha ubu bwoko bwingufu zidafite akamaro ni ngombwa kuruta gusudira ibyuma. Kugirango ubone ingingo zujuje ubuziranenge zo gusudira, ingufu zifite ingufu nyinshi hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zigomba gukoreshwa uko bishoboka, kandi rimwe na rimwe hashyushye hamwe nizindi ngamba zikorwa nazo zirashobora gukoreshwa.
3. Coefficient nini yo kwagura umurongo, byoroshye guhindura no kubyara ibice byumuriro
Coefficente yo kwagura umurongo wa aluminium na aluminiyumu ikubye hafi kabiri icyuma cya karubone nicyuma gito. Kugabanuka kwijwi rya aluminiyumu mugihe cyo gukomera ni binini, kandi guhindura no guhangayika byo gusudira ni binini. Kubwibyo, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo gukumira gusudira.
Iyo aluminiyumu yo gusudira ikidendezi gishongeshejwe, biroroshye kubyara imyenge igabanuka, kugabanuka kwinshi, ibice bishyushye hamwe nihungabana ryinshi ryimbere.
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Harashobora gufatwa ingamba zo guhindura ibice byinsinga zo gusudira hamwe nuburyo bwo gusudira kugirango hirindwe ko habaho ibishyushye bishyushye mugihe cyo kubyara. Niba ruswa irwanya ruswa, aluminium-silicon alloy welding wire irashobora gukoreshwa mugusudira aluminiyumu itari aluminium-magnesium. Iyo aluminium-silicon ivanze irimo 0,5% silicon, imyumvire yo guturika ishyushye iba myinshi. Mugihe ibirungo bya silicon byiyongera, ubushyuhe bwa kristalisiyonike yubushyuhe buba buto, amazi yiyongera cyane, kugabanuka kugabanuka, kandi imyumvire yo guturika ishyushye nayo igabanuka uko bikwiye.
Ukurikije ubunararibonye mu musaruro, gucika bishyushye ntibizabaho mugihe ibirimo silikoni ari 5% kugeza kuri 6%, bityo rero gukoresha umurongo wa SAlSi (ibirimo silicon 4.5% kugeza 6%) insinga zo gusudira zizaba zifite imbaraga zo guhangana neza.
4. Korohereza hydrogen byoroshye
Amavuta ya aluminium na aluminiyumu arashobora gushonga hydrogène nyinshi mumazi, ariko bigoye gushonga hydrogene muburyo bukomeye. Mugihe cyo gukomera no gukonjesha byihuse bya pisine yo gusudira, hydrogène ntabwo iba ifite umwanya wo guhunga, kandi imyenge ya hydrogène iba byoroshye. Ubushyuhe buri mu kirere cyinkingi ya arc, ubuhehere bwamamajwe na firime ya oxyde hejuru yibikoresho byo gusudira hamwe nicyuma fatizo byose ni isoko yingenzi ya hydrogène muri weld. Kubwibyo, isoko ya hydrogène igomba kugenzurwa cyane kugirango ikumire imyenge.
5. Ihuriro hamwe na zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe byoroshye byoroshye
Ibintu bivanze byoroshye guhumeka no gutwika, bigabanya imikorere ya weld.
Niba icyuma fatizo gishimangiwe no guhindura cyangwa gukomera-gukemura imyaka, ubushyuhe bwo gusudira buzagabanya imbaraga za zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe.
Aluminium ifite isura ya cubic lattice kandi nta allotropes ifite. Nta gihinduka gihinduka mugihe cyo gushyushya no gukonja. Ibinyampeke byo gusudira bikunda kuba bibi kandi ibinyampeke ntibishobora gutunganywa hifashishijwe impinduka.
Uburyo bwo gusudira
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gusudira bushobora gukoreshwa mu gusudira aluminiyumu na aluminiyumu, ariko amavuta ya aluminium na aluminiyumu afite uburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza uburyo butandukanye bwo gusudira, kandi uburyo butandukanye bwo gusudira bufite uburyo bwihariye bwo kubukoresha.
Uburyo bwo gusudira gazi hamwe na electrode arc gusudira biroroshye mubikoresho kandi byoroshye gukora. Gusudira gaze birashobora gukoreshwa mugusana gusudira amabati ya aluminium na casting bidasaba ubuziranenge bwo gusudira. Gusudira electrode arc birashobora gukoreshwa mugusana gusudira kwa aluminiyumu.
Uburyo bwa gaz inert ikingira gusudira (TIG cyangwa MIG) nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gusudira kuri aluminium na aluminium.
Amabati ya aluminium na aluminiyumu arashobora gusudwa na tungsten electrode isimburana ya argon arc gusudira cyangwa tungsten electrode pulse argon arc gusudira.
Amasahani manini ya aluminium na aluminiyumu arashobora gutunganywa na tungsten helium arc gusudira, argon-helium ivanze na tungsten arc gusudira, gusudira ibyuma bya gaz arc, hamwe na pulse ibyuma arc gusudira. Ibyuma bya gaz arc gusudira hamwe na pulse gaz ibyuma arc gusudira birakoreshwa cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-25-2024
